Polymer-mediated and ultrasound-assisted crystallization of ropivacaine: Crystal growth and morphology modulation.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to modify the crystal shape and size of poorly water-soluble drug ropivacaine, and to reveal the effects of polymeric additive and ultrasound on crystal nucleation and growth. Ropivacaine often grow as needle-like crystals extended along the a-axis and the shape was hardly controllable by altering solvent types and operating conditions for the crystallization process. We found that ropivacaine crystallized as block-like crystals when polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used. The control over crystal morphology by the additive was related to crystallization temperature, solute concentration, additive concentration, and molecular weight. SEM and AFM analyses were performed providing insights into crystal growth pattern and cavities on the surface induced by the

SUBMITTER: Wang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10311179 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature