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The effects of Pandanus tectorius leaf extract on the resistance of White-leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei towards pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

ABSTRACT: Pandanus tectorius leaf extract effect on the White-leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei tolerance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated in this study. Thirty shrimp post-larvae measured at approximately 1 cm were exposed for 24 h to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 g/L leaf extract and subsequently observed for survival and immune-related genes expression (Hsp70, ProPO, peroxinectin, penaeidin, crustin and transglutaminase), followed by determination of their tolerance and histological tissue profiles upon Vibrio challenge. Survival of shrimps treated with 6 g/L of leaf extract improved by up to 95% to controls. Hsp70, crustin, and prophenoloxidase mRNA levels were observed to be 8.5, 10.4, and 1.5-fold higher, respectively. Histopathological analysis of the hepatopancreas and the muscle tissues revealed major tissue degeneration in Vibrio-challenged shrimps but not in shrimps primed with P. tectorius leaf extract. Of all the dose examined, the best pathogen resistance results were obtained with a 24 h incubation of shrimp in 6 g/L P. tectorius methanolic leaf extract. The tolerance towards V. parahaemolyticus might be associated with the increased regulation of Hsp70, prophenoloxidase and crustin upon exposure to the extract, all immune-related proteins essential for pathogen elimination in Penaeid shrimp. The present study primarily demonstrated that P. tectorius leaf extract is a viable alternative for enhancing P. vannamei post-larvae resistance against V. parahaemolyticus, a major bacterial pathogen in aquaculture.

SUBMITTER: Anirudhan A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10313901 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The effects of Pandanus tectorius leaf extract on the resistance of White-leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei towards pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Anirudhan Anupa A Iryani Mat Taib Mimi MTM Andriani Yosie Y Sorgeloos Patrick P Tan Min Pau MP Wong Li Lian LL Mok Wen Jye WJ Ming Wang W Yantao Liang L Lau Cher Chien CC Sung Yeong Yik YY

Fish and shellfish immunology reports 20230604

Pandanus tectorius leaf extract effect on the White-leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei tolerance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated in this study. Thirty shrimp post-larvae measured at approximately 1 cm were exposed for 24 h to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 g/L leaf extract and subsequently observed for survival and immune-related genes expression (Hsp70, ProPO, peroxinectin, penaeidin, crustin and transglutaminase), followed by determination of their tolerance an ...[more]

PMID: 37397801

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Project description:Astaxanthin (AST), a super antioxidant with coloring and medical properties, renders it a beneficial feed additive for shrimp. This study conducted a white shrimp feeding trial of 3S, 3'S isoform AST, which was derived from metabolic-engineered Kluyveromyces marxianus fermented broth (TB) and its extract (TE) compared to sources from two chemically synthetic ASTs (Carophyll Pink [CP] and Lucantin Pink [LP]), which contain 3S, 3'S, 3R, 3'S (3S, 3'R) and 3R, 3'R isoforms ratio of 1:2:1. The effects on red coloration, immune parameters and resistance to Vibrio infection were evaluated. Four AST sources were incorporated into the diets at concentrations of 0 (control), 100 mg kg-1 (TB100, TE100, CP100, and LP100), and 200 mg kg-1 (TB200, TE200, CP200, and LP200). Results revealed that in week 4, shrimps that received AST-supplemented feeds, especially TB100, TB200, and TE200, significantly increased redness (a*) values. Immune responses including phagocytosis activity, superoxide-anion production, phenoloxidase activity, and immune-related genes were examined on days 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Generally, shrimps that received AST-supplemented feeds exhibited higher immune responses on days 7 and 14 than the control feed. Gene expression levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly upregulated on days 7 and 14 in shrimps that received AST-supplemented feeds, while genes of penaeidins, antilipopolysaccharide factor, and lysozyme were upregulated on days 4, 7, and 14, especially received TB200 and TE200. Furthermore, shrimps that received TB100, TE100, CP100, and LP100 7 days were then challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the result demonstrated higher survival rates especially TB100 at 168 h than the control feed. In conclusion, incorporating AST into the diets enhanced shrimp red coloration, immune parameters, and resistance against V. parahaemolyticus infection. The K. marxianus-derived AST exhibited higher performance than did chemical AST to be a potential feed additive in shrimp aquaculture.

Project description:Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), a high-mortality-rate shrimp disease, is caused by specific Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) strains with a plasmid encoding the PirABVp toxins. As a bacterial pathogen, the invasion of AHPND-causing Vp might impose pressure on commensal microbiota in the shrimp gut, while the relationship between the pathogenesis of AHPND and the dysbiosis of gut bacterial communities remains unclear. Here we explored the temporal changes of shrimp gut microbiota in response to AHPND-causing and non-AHPND-causing Vp strains, with the non-infected controls as a baseline of the shrimp gut microbiota. The diversity and composition of bacterial communities from 168 gut samples (covering three treatments at seven time points with eight individuals per set) were investigated using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding with high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that (i) species diversity of gut bacterial communities declined in Vp-infected shrimp, independent of the strain pathogenicity; (ii) taxonomic compositions of gut bacterial communities were significantly different between shrimp infected by AHPND-causing and non-AHPND-causing Vp strains; (iii) short-term (within 6 hours) compositional shifts in the gut microbiota were found only in AHPND-causing Vp-infected shrimp; (iv) the gut microbiota of AHPND-causing Vp-infected shrimp was enriched with genera Photobacterium and Vibrio, with a decline in Candidatus Bacilliplasma; and (v) functional predictions suggested the loss of normal metabolism due to compositional shifts in the gut microbiota. Our work reveals distinct features of community dynamics in shrimp gut microbiota, associated with pathogenic versus non-pathogenic Vibrio infections, providing a new perspective of the pathogenesis of AHPND. IMPORTANCE Shrimp production is continually threatened by newly emerging diseases, such as AHPND, which is caused by specific Vp strains. Previous studies on the pathogenesis of AHPND have mainly focused on the histopathology and immune responses of the host. However, more attention needs to be paid to the gut microbiota, which acts as the first barrier to pathogen colonization. In this study, we revealed that shrimp gut microbiota responded differently to pathogenic and non-pathogenic Vp strains, with bacterial genera Photobacterium and Vibrio enriched in pathogenic Vp-infected shrimp, and Candidatus Bacilliplasma enriched in non-pathogenic Vp-infected shrimp. Moreover, functional predictions suggested that changes in taxonomic compositions would further affect normal metabolic functions, emphasizing the importance of sustaining an equilibrium in the gut microbiota. Several biomarkers associated with specific microbial taxa and functional pathways were identified in our data sets, which help predict the incidence of disease outcomes.

Dataset Information

The effects of Pandanus tectorius leaf extract on the resistance of White-leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei towards pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Publications

The effects of <i>Pandanus tectorius</i> leaf extract on the resistance of White-leg shrimp <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> towards pathogenic <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>.

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