Immunotherapy in Biliary Tract Cancers: Current Standard-of-Care and Emerging Strategies.

ABSTRACT: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), comprising intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma as well as gallbladder adenocarcinoma, continue to be challenging to manage. Conventional chemotherapy regimens for advanced disease are limited in both options and benefits, and more effective perioperative regimens are also needed. Over the last decade, immunotherapy has had a profound impact on the management of many solid tumor types, particularly in using immune checkpoint inhibition to enable a tumor-directed T cell response. Immunotherapy administered on its own has had limited utility in BTCs, in part due to a hostile immune microenvironment and the relative infrequency of biomarker-based tumor-agnostic indications for immunotherapy. However, immunotherapy in conjunction with chemotherap

SUBMITTER: Lo JH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10340362 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature