Dataset Information

Carvacrol attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury by down-regulating TLRs gene expression and regulating the gut microbiota in rabbit.

ABSTRACT: Carvacrol (CAR) is a plant extract that has been reported to enhance antioxidant activity in animals. However, the effect of CAR on the intestinal health of rabbits is poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether CAR exerts protective effects on the intestinal health of rabbits following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and whether these effects were mediated via the reduction of intestinal inflammation and the regulation of the intestinal flora. Intestinal damage was assessed in LPS-challenged rabbits treated or not with CAR. The serum levels of inflammatory factors were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Histopathological changes in the ileum and cecum were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The relative gene expression levels of inflammatory factors and tight junction proteins in the rabbit cecum were determined by qRT-PCR. High-throughput sequencing analysis of the microbial 16S rRNA gene was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq Platform. The results showed that CAR can prevent intestinal inflammation and damage as well as mitigate gut dysbiosis in rabbits following LPS challenge. Our study provides a theoretical reference for the application of dietary CAR in rabbit production.

SUBMITTER: Wu D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10349838 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Carvacrol attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury by down-regulating TLRs gene expression and regulating the gut microbiota in rabbit.

Wu Diange D Xia Miao M Yan An A Jiang Haotian H Fan Jiaqi J Zhou Siyuan S Wei Xu X Liu Shudong S Chen Baojiang B

Scientific reports 20230715 1

Carvacrol (CAR) is a plant extract that has been reported to enhance antioxidant activity in animals. However, the effect of CAR on the intestinal health of rabbits is poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether CAR exerts protective effects on the intestinal health of rabbits following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and whether these effects were mediated via the reduction of intestinal inflammation and the regulation of the intestinal flora. Intestinal damage was assessed in LPS-chall ...[more]

PMID: 37454126

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Project description:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immunological stress and intestinal mucosal injury in broilers and its underlying mechanisms. A total of 144 one-d-old Arbor Acres broilers were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement involving dietary treatment (0 or 1,200 mg/kg dietary GML) and LPS challenge (injected with saline or Escherichia coli LPS on d 16, 18, and 20). Samples were collected on d 21. The results revealed that dietary GML augmented serum immunoglobulin A (P = 0.009) and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.001) levels in challenged birds. Dietary GML normalized LPS-induced variations in serum interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, and LPS levels (P < 0.05), jejunal villus height (P = 0.030), and gene expression of interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha, Toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor kappa-B, caspase-1, tight junction proteins, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha 1 (AMPKα1), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and superoxide dismutase-1 (P < 0.05). GML supplementation ameliorated LPS-induced peroxidation by reducing malondialdehyde content and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (P < 0.05). Dietary GML enhanced the abundances of Anaerostipes, Pseudoflavonifractor, and Gordonibacter and reduced the proportion of Phascolarctobacterium in challenged birds. Dietary GML was positively correlated with alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and AMPKα1, Nrf2, and zonula occludens-1 expressions. The genera Anaerostipes, Lachnospira, Gordonibacter, Lachnospira, Marvinbryantia, Peptococcus, and Pseudoflavonifractor were linked to attenuated inflammation and improved antioxidant capacity of challenged birds. In conclusion, dietary GML alleviated LPS-induced immunological stress and intestinal injury of broilers by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Dietary GML regulated cecal microbiota and activated the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in LPS-challenged broilers.

Project description:To gain insight into the importance of carefully selecting the sampling area for intestinal microbiota studies, cecal and fecal microbial communities of Caldes meat rabbit were characterized. The animals involved in the study were divided in two groups according to the feed intake level they received during the fattening period; ad libitum (n = 10) or restricted to 75% of ad libitum intake (n = 11). Cecum and internal hard feces were sampled from sacrificed animals. Assessment of bacterial and archaeal populations was performed by means of Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons in a MiSeq platform. A total of 596 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected using QIIME software. Taxonomic assignment revealed that microbial diversity was dominated by phyla Firmicutes (76.42%), Tenericutes (7.83%), and Bacteroidetes (7.42%); kingdom Archaea was presented at low percentage (0.61%). No significant differences were detected between sampling origins in microbial diversity or richness assessed using two alpha-diversity indexes: Shannon and the observed number of OTUs. However, the analysis of variance at genus level revealed a higher presence of genera Clostridium, Anaerofustis, Blautia, Akkermansia, rc4-4, and Bacteroides in cecal samples. By contrast, genera Oscillospira and Coprococcus were found to be overrepresented in feces, suggesting that bacterial species of these genera would act as fermenters at the end of feed digestion process. At the lowest taxonomic level, 83 and 97 OTUs in feces and cecum, respectively, were differentially represented. Multivariate statistical assessment revealed that sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was the best approach for this purpose. Interestingly, the majority of the most discriminative OTUs selected by sPLS-DA were found to be differentially represented between sampling origins in univariate analysis. Our study provides evidence that the choice of intestinal sampling area is relevant due to important differences in some taxa's relative abundance that have been revealed between rabbits' cecal and fecal microbiota. An appropriate sampling intestinal area should be chosen in each microbiota assessment.

Dataset Information

Carvacrol attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury by down-regulating TLRs gene expression and regulating the gut microbiota in rabbit.

Publications

Carvacrol attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury by down-regulating TLRs gene expression and regulating the gut microbiota in rabbit.

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