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Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees.

ABSTRACT: Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed similar relative importance of studied climatic, host-related and geographic factors on differences in tree-associated communities. Mean annual temperature, phylogenetic distance between hosts and geographic distance between locations were the major drivers of dissimilarities. The increasing importance of high temperatures on differences in studied communities indicate that climate change could affect tree-associated organisms directly and indirectly through host range shifts. Insect and fungal communities were more similar between closely related vs. distant hosts suggesting that host range shifts may facilitate the emergence of new pests. Moreover, dissimilarities among tree-associated communities increased with geographic distance indicating that human-mediated transport may serve as a pathway of the introductions of new pests. The results of this study highlight the need to limit the establishment of tree pests and increase the resilience of forest ecosystems to changes in climate.

SUBMITTER: Franic I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10354058 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees.

Franić Iva I Allan Eric E Prospero Simone S Adamson Kalev K Attorre Fabio F Auger-Rozenberg Marie-Anne MA Augustin Sylvie S Avtzis Dimitrios D Baert Wim W Barta Marek M Bauters Kenneth K Bellahirech Amani A Boroń Piotr P Bragança Helena H Brestovanská Tereza T Brurberg May Bente MB Burgess Treena T Burokienė Daiva D Cleary Michelle M Corley Juan J Coyle David R DR Csóka György G Černý Karel K Davydenko Kateryna K de Groot Maarten M Diez Julio Javier JJ Doğmuş Lehtijärvi H Tugba HT Drenkhan Rein R Edwards Jacqueline J Elsafy Mohammed M Eötvös Csaba Béla CB Falko Roman R Fan Jianting J Feddern Nina N Fürjes-Mikó Ágnes Á Gossner Martin M MM Grad Bartłomiej B Hartmann Martin M Havrdova Ludmila L Kádasi Horáková Miriam M Hrabětová Markéta M Justesen Mathias Just MJ Kacprzyk Magdalena M Kenis Marc M Kirichenko Natalia N Kovač Marta M Kramarets Volodymyr V Lacković Nikola N Lantschner Maria Victoria MV Lazarević Jelena J Leskiv Marianna M Li Hongmei H Madsen Corrie Lynne CL Malumphy Chris C Matošević Dinka D Matsiakh Iryna I May Tom W TW Meffert Johan J Migliorini Duccio D Nikolov Christo C O'Hanlon Richard R Oskay Funda F Paap Trudy T Parpan Taras T Piškur Barbara B Ravn Hans Peter HP Richard John J Ronse Anne A Roques Alain A Ruffner Beat B Santini Alberto A Sivickis Karolis K Soliani Carolina C Talgø Venche V Tomoshevich Maria M Uimari Anne A Ulyshen Michael M Vettraino Anna Maria AM Villari Caterina C Wang Yongjun Y Witzell Johanna J Zlatković Milica M Eschen René R

Scientific reports 20230718 1

Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed s ...[more]

PMID: 37463904

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Project description:The difficulties specialized phytophagous insects face in finding habitats with an appropriate host should constrain their dispersal. Within the concept of metacommunities, this leads to the prediction that host-plant specialists should sort into local assemblages according to the local environmental conditions, i.e. habitat conditions, whereas assemblages of host-plant generalists should depend also on regional processes. Our study aimed at ranking the importance of local environmental factors and species composition of the vegetation for predicting the species composition of phytophagous moth assemblages with either a narrow or a broad host range. Our database consists of 351,506 specimens representing 820 species of nocturnal Macrolepidoptera sampled between 1980 and 2006 using light traps in 96 strict forest reserves in southern Germany. Species were grouped as specialists or generalists according to the food plants of the larvae; specialists use host plants belonging to one genus. We used predictive canonical correspondence and co-correspondence analyses to rank the importance of local environmental factors, the species composition of the vegetation and the role of host plants for predicting the species composition of host-plant specialists and generalists. The cross-validatory fit for predicting the species composition of phytophagous moths was higher for host-plant specialists than for host-plant generalists using environmental factors as well as the composition of the vegetation. As expected for host-plant specialists, the species composition of the vegetation was a better predictor of the composition of these assemblages than the environmental variables. But surprisingly, this difference for specialized insects was not due to the occurrence of their host plants. Overall, our study supports the idea that owing to evolutionary constraints in finding a host, host-plant specialists and host-plant generalists follow two different models of metacommunities: the species-sorting and the mass-effect model.

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Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees.

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Climate, host and geography shape insect and fungal communities of trees.

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