Determinants of sexual dysfunction in pregnancy in a large tertiary hospital in Ghana.
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ABSTRACT: Objective
To determine the factors associated with sexual dysfunction in pregnancy.Methods
A cross-sectional facility-based study using quantitative methods was carried out among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of the Greater Accra Regional Hospital from 14th May to 25th June 2018. Four hundred and twenty-seven married or cohabiting women who were at least eight weeks pregnant and have been living together with their partners for at least four weeks prior to the survey were consecutively recruited. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) tool was used to assess their sexual function. Pearson's Chi Square, Fischer's exact, Mann Whitney and Student's t-tests were used for bivariate analysis where appropriate between sexual dysfunction (dependent variable) and demographic, obstetrics and gynecologic factors (independent variables). Multiple logistic regression was done. Statistical significance was set at p-value of less than 0.05 at bivariate and multivariable analyses.Results
The mean age of the respondents was 30.8 ± 4.8 years. Their mean gestational age was 32.3 ± 7.1 weeks. Marital status and duration of stay in marriage or cohabitation were significantly associated with sexual dysfunction with adjusted odds ratios of 1.88 (p-value < 0.05) and 1.08 (p-value < 0.05) respectively.Conclusion
Cohabiting and increasing length of stay with spouse are significantly associated with sexual dysfunction in pregnancy.
SUBMITTER: Maya ET
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10358996 | biostudies-literature | 2023
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Determinants of sexual dysfunction in pregnancy in a large tertiary hospital in Ghana.
Maya Ernest Tei ET Boamah Martin Owusu MO Agyabeng Kofi K Srofenyoh Emmanuel E Mumuni Kareem K Samba Ali A
PloS one 20230720 7
<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the factors associated with sexual dysfunction in pregnancy.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional facility-based study using quantitative methods was carried out among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of the Greater Accra Regional Hospital from 14th May to 25th June 2018. Four hundred and twenty-seven married or cohabiting women who were at least eight weeks pregnant and have been living together with their partners for at least four weeks prior to the survey ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundPrematurity (gestational age <37 completed weeks) accounts for the majority of neonatal deaths worldwide and most of these occur in the low-resource countries. Understanding factors that determine the best chances of preterm survival is imperative in order to enhance the care of neonates and reduce adverse outcomes in such complicated births.AimThis was to find out the proportions of preterm babies who survived at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) and the factors which influenced their survival.MethodThis was a retrospective review of data on all the live preterm babies seen at the SCBU of CCTH from 2010 to 2019. Data on 2,254 babies that met the inclusion criteria were extracted. Descriptive statistics were generated and tests of association done with chi-square and multivariable logistic regression.OutcomeThe main outcome measure was the proportion of live preterm neonates who were discharged after SCBU admissions.ResultsThe CCTH had a total of 27,320 deliveries from 2010 to 2019. Of these, 1,282 were live preterm births, giving a prevalence of live preterm babies over the ten-year period of 4.7% (1,282/27,320). An increasing trend in prevalence was observed with 2019 recording the highest at 9% (271/3027). Most (48.8%) of the deliveries were vaginal, 39.2% were by caesarean section (CS); the mode of birth for 12% of the women were not documented. The mean gestational age was 31.8 (±2.77) weeks. Of the birth weights documented, <1000g babies accounted for 11.9%, 1000-1499g babies made up 34.8%, while 1500g to 2499g babies accounted for 42.6%. The babies with weights >2500g made up only 3.7%. The average length of hospital stay was 8.3 (±9.88) days. Regarding the main outcome variable, 67.6% were discharged alive, 27.6% died and 4.9% were unaccounted for due to incomplete documentation. Factors which influenced survival were: birth weight (p <0.001); gestational age (p <0.001); mode and place of delivery (p <0.001 for both); APGAR scores at 1st and 5th minutes (p <0.001); and length of stay at the SCBU (p <0.001). No association was found for sex of the baby, maternal age and parity.ConclusionThis study shows the possibility of achieving good preterm survival rates through the provision of specialised neonatal care, even in resource-constrained countries. This provides an updated benchmark for clinical decision-making and antenatal counselling. It also highlights the problem of inadequate data capture in our part of the world, which needs considerable improvement.
| S-EPMC7822519 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAntenatal care (ANC) is imperative to decreasing adverse pregnancy outcomes and their related maternal mortality. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, increases in ANC coverage have not correlated well with improved maternal and fetal outcomes suggesting the quality of ANC received could be the missing link. This study assessed ANC quality and its effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who delivered at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among women who delivered at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital within the study period. Women were selected through systematic sampling and interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire as well as review of their medical records. Data were collected on their sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics, care provided during ANC and delivery outcomes. Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test. Factors associated with quality of ANC and adverse pregnancy outcomes were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression to generate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and GraphPad Prism. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results950 women were recruited into the study with mean age of 30.39±5.57 years. Less than one-tenth (7.6%) of the women received good quality ANC, 63.4% had average quality ANC, and 29.0% received poor quality ANC. Increasing educational level and initiating ANC in the first trimester [aOR 0.2; 95%CI 0.08-0.68; p<0.001] increased the odds of receiving good quality ANC while being unemployed decreased the odds of receiving good quality ANC [aOR 0.3; 95% CI 0.12-0.65; p = 0.003]. Receiving poor and average quality of ANC were significantly associated with increased likelihood of developing anaemia during pregnancy, preeclampsia with severe features or delivering a low birth weight baby.ConclusionMost women did not receive good quality ANC. High quality ANC should be provided while the women are encouraged to comply with the recommendations during ANC.
| S-EPMC9555636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundEarly initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), breastfeeding within first hour after birth, is known to have major benefits for both the mother and newborn. EIBF rates, however, tends to vary between and within countries. This study set out to determine the prevalence of EIBF at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana, and to evaluate the determinants of EIBF and time to initiation of breastfeeding.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the KATH postnatal wards between August and October 2014. Three hundred and eighty-two mothers delivering at KATH were recruited and data on time to initiation of breastfeeding, antenatal, delivery and immediate postnatal periods were collected. Data analyses using both binary and ordinal logistic regressions with stepwise elimination were used to determine the relationship between EIBF and time to initiation of breastfeeding on one side, and the maternal, pregnancy, delivery and neonatal associated factors.ResultsEIBF was done in 39.4% (95%CI: 34.3-44.5) of the newborns with breastfeeding initiated between 1 to 6 h for 19.7%, 6 to 11 h in 4.8%, 11 to 16 h in 4.8% and after 16 h in 28.5% of the deliveries. A higher number of antenatal care visits (AOR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.04-1.25, p = 0.006), delivery by caesarean section (AOR = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.01-0.79, p = 0.031) and infant rooming-in with mother (AOR: 31.67, 95%CI: 5.59-179.43, p < 0.001) were significantly and independently associated with EIBF. Factors independently associated with longer time to initiation of breastfeeding were older maternal age (AOR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00-1.09, p = 0.039), Akan ethnicity (AOR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.14-3.22, p = 0.014), first-born child (AOR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.18-3.58, p = 0.011), mother rooming-in with newborn (AOR = 0.01. 95%CI: 0.00-0.02, p < 0.001), increasing fifth minute APGAR score (AOR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.93, p = 0.010) and using prelacteals (AOR = 2.42, 95%CI: 1.34-4.40, p = 0.004).ConclusionsThe low EIBF rate and prolonged time to initiation of breastfeeding at a major tertiary health facility is a major concern. Key interventions will need to be implemented at KATH and possibly other tertiary healthcare facilities in Ghana and beyond to improve EIBF rate and time to breastfeeding.
| S-EPMC8247238 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesHypertensive disorders of pregnancy contribute significantly to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. Health-seeking behaviour is influenced by adequate knowledge of the condition. However, current data on pregnant women's knowledge of the condition and health-seeking behaviour are relatively scant in Ghana and has not been previously studied in the Central Region where hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was the leading cause of maternal mortality from 2016 to 2018. The study sought to generate data to fill this knowledge gap.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital from 1 April to 30 September 2020. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, including age, level of education and parity, and knowledge of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including its risk factors, clinical presentations and complications, were collected using structured questionnaires. The outcome variable, knowledge of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, was a composite variable categorized as adequate and inadequate knowledge. Descriptive statistics were generated and association between independent and outcome variables were explored using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression methods.ResultsSixty-two participants (15.4%) showed adequate knowledge of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. About 62% (251/404) of respondents had heard about hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Of those who had heard of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 29.4% (72/245) correctly indicated the condition was underlined by hypertension in pregnancy ⩾ 20 weeks gestation. Women with tertiary education were six times more likely to have adequate hypertensive disorders of pregnancy knowledge than those with basic education. Women with parity 1-4 were 52% less likely to have adequate knowledge compared to nulliparous women.ConclusionThe remarkably low proportion of pregnant women with adequate knowledge of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the study is worrisome because of its potential adverse implication for the health of mothers and their babies. Re-packaging the antenatal health education programme and its delivery is needed for greater impact as far as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy morbidity/mortality is concerned.
| S-EPMC8943573 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Anaemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem in developing countries. It is important to regularly monitor haemoglobin level in pregnancy and factors associated with it to inform clinical and preventive services. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of anaemia in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) of a tertiary referral hospital in Northern Ghana. METHODS:An analytical cross-sectional study involving 400 pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Tamale Teaching Hospital was conducted. Using a semi-structured questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall, data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, health practices, dietary diversity, anaemia knowledge and haemoglobin level of the women. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin concentration less than 11 g/dl. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent determinants of pregnancy anaemia. RESULTS:The mean age and haemoglobin of the women were 28.3 (±4.5) years and 10.81 (±1.41) g/dl respectively. About half of the women 50.8% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 45.8-55.7] were anaemic and the prevalence of anaemia increased with pregnancy trimester. Among a host of socio-demographic, dietary, and preventive health service factors evaluated, the women's knowledge on anaemia and pregnancy trimester at interview were the independent determinants of anaemia in pregnancy. Compared to women of the highest anaemia knowledge tertile, women belonging to the lowest (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.50-4.61) and middle (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.12-3.27) anaemia knowledge tertiles were about 3 and 2 times more likely to be anaemic respectively. Similarly, women in third trimester of pregnancy were about 4 times more likely to be anaemic compared to those in first trimester at the time of interview (AOR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.91-6.67). CONCLUSIONS:There is a high prevalence of anaemia, which increases with pregnancy trimester, in pregnant women attending ANC in a tertiary referral hospital in Northern Ghana. The women's knowledge on anaemia and pregnancy trimester at the time of interview are associated with their anaemia status. The high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy needs urgent intervention to prevent the occurrence of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Education on anaemia should be intensified at ANCs.
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Project description:IntroductionWeight estimation in children is critical in paediatric emergencies. The Broselow Tape (BT) and most age-based formulae for weight estimation were derived in high-income countries and are thought to overestimate the weight of children in low-income countries. This study sought to validate the 2017 BT, and eight age-based weight estimation formulae among Ghanaian children and to derive a weight estimation formula using this data.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH) in Ghana. Children aged between 2 months and 13 years had their weights estimated by the 2017 BT and eight age-based formulae. These estimated weights were compared to the weight of the children measured by a calibrated Seca scale using mean percentage error (MPE) and the percentage of weight estimates within 10% and 20% of actual weight. Bland-Altman method was used to assess agreement between estimated and actual weight of the children. A new formula was derived by linear regression.ResultsSeven hundred and seventy-five children took part in the study. The 2017 BT, Original APLS (APLS1) and Nelson's formulae performed best with proportion of weight estimates within 10% of actual weight being 47.5%, 51.1% and 47.5% respectively. The formula developed in this study was: WE = 3Am / 10 + 5 (for infants <12 months), WE = 2A + 7 (1 to 4 years) and WE = 2A + 9 (5 to 13 years), where WE is estimated weight, Am is age in completed months and A is age in completed years. The new formula had similar accuracy as the three best performing methods in this study.ConclusionThe Broselow Tape, APLS1 and the Nelson's formula were the most accurate in this study. APLS1 and the Broselow Tape can be used for weight estimation in Ghanaian children when no other better method is available.
| S-EPMC8027529 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is increasingly being identified as a problem around the world. Women can have problems in various parts of the sexual cycle - desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm or they may experience pain related to sexual activity. The only study involving Singapore with regard to sexual dysfunction in women, the Asian Global Studies of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviours in 2002, reported that Singapore had one of the lowest age-standardised sexual dysfunction rates of 32% compared with other Asian countries. This pilot study aims to evaluate the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction and to investigate the independent significant risk factors among allied health workers in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. METHODS:A cross-sectional study where an anonymous questionnaire which included 19 questions in the FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index) was distributed to all allied health workers in a tertiary hospital in Singapore aged between 18 to 70 years old. RESULTS:Three hundred thirty completed questionnaires were involved in analysis. 56.0% of women were found to have sexual dysfunction. A significant difference was found in the prevalence of FSD when comparing nurses to other allied health staff, where nurses had a decreased risk of developing FSD. Age was not found to be a significant risk factor in our study. Respondents below 40 years of age had significantly lower satisfaction scores than those above 40. Indians and Filipinos were found to have lower scores than the Chinese and Malay respondents in the lubrication (p = 0.02) and pain domains (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION:A significant proportion our female allied health workers suffer from sexual dysfunction. In this study, we found that the overall prevalence was independent of age, race and marital status. Nurses had a lower risk of developing FSD. We will need further studies to assess the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in the general population, to evaluate the independent significant risk factors for developing FSD, in addition to classical risk factors, as well as to assess the psychological impact of this condition and whether people would be willing to seek help for such problems.
| S-EPMC6854745 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10014373 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCaesarean sections (CS) feature prominently in obstetric care and have impacted positively on maternal / neonatal outcomes globally including Ghana. However, in spite of documented increasing CS rates in the country, there are no studies assessing the adequacy of post-CS pain control. This study assessed the adequacy of post-CS pain management as well as factors influencing this outcome. Additionally, post-CS analgesia prescription and serving habits of doctors and nurses were also described to help fill existing knowledge gaps.MethodsPain scores of 400 randomly selected and consenting post-CS women at a tertiary facility in Ghana were assessed at 6-12 hours post-CS at rest and with movement and at 24-36 hours post-CS with movement using a validated visual analog scale (VAS) from February 1, 2015 to April 8, 2015. Participant characteristics including age, marital status and duration of CS were obtained using pretested questionnaires and patient records review. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies and proportions. Associations between background characteristics and the outcome variables of adequacy of pain control at 6-12 hours post-CS at rest and with movement and at 24-36 hours post-CS with movement were analysed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression methods. Adequate pain control was defined as VAS scores ≤5.ResultsAt 6-12 hours post-CS (at rest), equal proportions of participants had adequate and inadequate pain control (50.1% vrs 49.9%). Over the same time period but with movement, pain control was deemed inadequate in 93% of respondents (369/396). Women who had one previous surgery [OR 0.47 95%CI 0.27, 0.82; p = 0.008] and those whose CS lasted longer than 45 mins [OR 0.39 95% CI 0.24, 0.62; p<0.001] had lower odds of reporting adequate pain control. Women prescribed 12-hourly and 8-hourly doses of pethidine had only 23.5% (12/51) and 10.3% (3/29) served as prescribed respectively. At 24-36 hours post CS, adequate pain control was reported by 85.3% (326/382) of participants.ConclusionsPain management was deemed inadequate within the first 12 hours post-CS with potential implications for early mother-child interaction. Appreciable numbers of participants did not have their analgesics served as prescribed. Adjunct pain control measures should be explored and healthcare workers must be encouraged to pay more attention to patients' pain relief needs.
| S-EPMC9132330 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundStillbirths are indicators of the quality of obstetrics care in health systems. Stillbirth rates and their associating factors vary by socio-economic and geographical settings. Published data on stillbirths and their associating factors in the Volta Region of Ghana are limited. This limits understanding of local factors that must be considered in designing appropriate interventions to mitigate the occurrence of stillbirths. This study determined the incidence of stillbirths and associated factors among deliveries at Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) and contributes to understanding the consistent high stillbirths in the country and potentially in other low-resourced settings in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodThis was a prospective cohort study involving pregnant women admitted for delivery at HTH between October 2019 and March 2020. Data on socio-demographic characteristics such as age and employment, obstetric factors including gestational age at delivery and delivery outcomes like birthweight were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The primary outcome was the incidence of stillbirths at the facility. Summary statistics were reported as frequencies, percentages and means. Logistic regression methods were used to assess for association between stillbirths and independent variables including age and birthweight. Odds ratios were reported with 95% confidence intervals and associations with p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 687 women and their 702 newborns contributed data for analysis. The mean age (SD) was 29.3 (6.3) years and close to two-thirds had had at least one delivery previously. Overall stillbirth incidence was 31.3 per 1000 births. Of the 22 stillbirths, 17 were antepartum. Pre-eclampsia was the most common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy observed (49.3%, 33/67). Among others, less than 3 antenatal visits and low birthweight increased the odds of stillbirths in the bivariate analysis. In the final multivariate model, pregnancy and delivery at 28-34 weeks gestation [AOR 9.37(95% CI 1.18-74.53); p = 0.034] and induction of labour [AOR 11.06 (95% CI 3.10-39.42); p < 0.001] remained significantly associated with stillbirths.ConclusionStillbirth incidence was 31.3 per 1000 births with more than half being antepartum stillbirths. Pregnancy/delivery at 28-34 weeks' gestation increased the odds of a stillbirth. Improving the quality of antenatal services, ensuring adherence to evidence-based protocols, accurate and prompt diagnosis and timely interventions of medical conditions in pregnancy particularly at 28-34 weeks' gestation could reduce incidence of stillbirths.
| S-EPMC10734929 | biostudies-literature