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Lifespan-extending interventions induce consistent patterns of fatty acid oxidation in mouse livers.

ABSTRACT: Aging manifests as progressive deteriorations in homeostasis, requiring systems-level perspectives to investigate the gradual molecular dysregulation of underlying biological processes. Here, we report systemic changes in the molecular regulation of biological processes under multiple lifespan-extending interventions. Differential Rank Conservation (DIRAC) analyses of mouse liver proteomics and transcriptomics data show that mechanistically distinct lifespan-extending interventions (acarbose, 17α-estradiol, rapamycin, and calorie restriction) generally tighten the regulation of biological modules. These tightening patterns are similar across the interventions, particularly in processes such as fatty acid oxidation, immune response, and stress response. Differences in DIRAC patterns between proteins and transcripts highlight specific modules which may be tightened via augmented cap-independent translation. Moreover, the systemic shifts in fatty acid metabolism are supported through integrated analysis of liver transcriptomics data with a mouse genome-scale metabolic model. Our findings highlight the power of systems-level approaches for identifying and characterizing the biological processes involved in aging and longevity.

SUBMITTER: Watanabe K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10363145 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lifespan-extending interventions induce consistent patterns of fatty acid oxidation in mouse livers.

Watanabe Kengo K Wilmanski Tomasz T Baloni Priyanka P Robinson Max M Garcia Gonzalo G GG Hoopmann Michael R MR Midha Mukul K MK Baxter David H DH Maes Michal M Morrone Seamus R SR Crebs Kelly M KM Kapil Charu C Kusebauch Ulrike U Wiedrick Jack J Lapidus Jodi J Pflieger Lance L Lausted Christopher C Roach Jared C JC Glusman Gwênlyn G Cummings Steven R SR Schork Nicholas J NJ Price Nathan D ND Hood Leroy L Miller Richard A RA Moritz Robert L RL Rappaport Noa N

Communications biology 20230722 1

Aging manifests as progressive deteriorations in homeostasis, requiring systems-level perspectives to investigate the gradual molecular dysregulation of underlying biological processes. Here, we report systemic changes in the molecular regulation of biological processes under multiple lifespan-extending interventions. Differential Rank Conservation (DIRAC) analyses of mouse liver proteomics and transcriptomics data show that mechanistically distinct lifespan-extending interventions (acarbose, 17 ...[more]

PMID: 37481675

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Project description:We have previously reported that tyrosol (TYR), one of the main phenols in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), promotes lifespan extension in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, also inducing a stronger resistance to thermal and oxidative stress in this animal model. Although the influence of several longevity-related genes in these effects has been reported by our group, we decided to perform a whole genome DNA-microarray approach in order to identify other genes and molecular pathways further involved in TYR effects on C. elegans longevity. Microarray analysis identified 208 differentially expressed genes (206 overexpressed and 2 underexpressed) when comparing TYR-treated nematodes with non-treated controls. Many of these genes seem linked to processes such as regulation of growth, transcription, reproduction, lipid metabolism and body morphogenesis. Data obtained by microarray was validated by qRT-PCR analysis of selected genes. Our results confirm that several important cellular mechanisms related to longevity are influenced by TYR treatment in this animal model. Moreover, we detected an interesting overlap between the expression pattern elicited by TYR and those induced by other dietary polyphenols known to extend lifespan in C. elegans, such as quercetin and tannic acid. C. elegans were maintained on Nematode Growth Medium (NGM) and E. coli OP50 as described [21]. For microarray experiments, fer15(b26) nematodes were synchronized by hypochlorite treatment and raised at 25°C on NGM plates containing either 250 μM TYR (n=3) or vehicle (control; n=3). At the fourth day of adulthood, nematodes were collected from the plates in M9 buffer, washed 3 times and pelleted by centrifugation for RNA isolation. After centrifugation, worms were resuspended in 350 μl of RLT/BME buffer, flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and thawed at 37 °C three times for disruption and total RNA was extracted using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer recommended protocol. Final volume of isolated RNA was 50 μl per biological sample. RNA quality was analyzed with the 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies) using the RNA 6000 nano kit. All RNA samples were of sufficient quality for gene array analysis with RIN>7. A total amount of 50 ng of RNA was used as the template for cDNA synthesis and in vitro transcription to synthesized biotin-modified aRNA using the GeneChip® 3’ IVT Express Kit (Affymetrix, 901228). aRNA was purified from unincorporated nucleotides and other reaction components using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen). A total of 15 µg of biotin-labeled aRNA was fragmented following the instructions described in the Affymetrix manual (P/N 702646 Rev.8) and hybridized to C. elegans GeneChip® Genome Arrays (Affymetrix, 900383). They were processed and scanned using Affymetrix instrumentation and with hybridization, washing and scanning parameters provided by the manufacturer. Computational and statistical analyses were carried out using the R software (http://www.r-project.org/) and the appropriate Bioconductor packages (http://www.bioconductor.org/) run under R. In order to remove all the possible sources of variation of a non-biological origin between arrays, densitometry values between arrays were normalized using the RMA (robust multiarray) normalization function implemented in the Bioconductor affylmGUI. Statistically significant differences between groups were identified using the rank product non-parametric test implemented in the Bioconductor Rank-Prod package. Those genes showing a corrected (FDR) p-value < 0.05 were selected as significant.

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Lifespan-extending interventions induce consistent patterns of fatty acid oxidation in mouse livers.

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Lifespan-extending interventions induce consistent patterns of fatty acid oxidation in mouse livers.

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