Persisting uropathogenic Escherichia coli lineages show signatures of niche-specific within-host adaptation mediated by mobile genetic elements.

ABSTRACT: Large-scale genomic studies have identified within-host adaptation as a hallmark of bacterial infections. However, the impact of physiological, metabolic, and immunological differences between distinct niches on the pathoadaptation of opportunistic pathogens remains elusive. Here, we profile the within-host adaptation and evolutionary trajectories of 976 isolates representing 119 lineages of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) sampled longitudinally from both the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts of 123 patients with urinary tract infections. We show that lineages persisting in both niches within a patient exhibit increased allelic diversity. Habitat-specific selection results in niche-specific adaptive mutations and genes, putatively mediating fitness in either environment. Within-lin

SUBMITTER: Thanert R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10365138 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature