Visualizing the activation of encephalitogenic T cells in the ileal lamina propria by in vivo two-photon imaging.

ABSTRACT: Autoreactive encephalitogenic T cells exist in the healthy immune repertoire but need a trigger to induce CNS inflammation. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive, whereby microbiota were shown to be involved in the manifestation of CNS autoimmunity. Here, we used intravital imaging to explore how microbiota affect the T cells as trigger of CNS inflammation. Encephalitogenic CD4⁺ T cells transduced with the calcium-sensing protein Twitch-2B showed calcium signaling with higher frequency than polyclonal T cells in the small intestinal lamina propria (LP) but not in Peyer's patches. Interestingly, nonencephalitogenic T cells specific for OVA and LCMV also showed calcium signaling in the LP, indicating a general stimulating effect of microbiota. The observed calcium signaling was

SUBMITTER: Bauer IJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10372570 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature