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Molecular phylogeny reveals cryptic diversity in Sibynophis from China (Serpentes: Sibynophiidae).

ABSTRACT: The elucidation of species diversity and distribution is critical within the fields of evolution, genetics, and conservation. The genus Sibynophis contains rare snakes that have historically received little attention. In this study, we conducted comprehensive sampling and use both mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers to explore Sibynophis species diversity within China. Our findings revealed that S. c. miyiensis should be considered synonymous with S. c. grahami, and S. c. grahami should be gave a specific rank as S. grahami. In addition, we discovered S. triangularis was new to China and Myanmar. Based on the specimens and molecular phylogeny results, we redefined the species distribution boundaries of each Chinese species.

SUBMITTER: Guo P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10375455 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Molecular phylogeny reveals cryptic diversity in Sibynophis from China (Serpentes: Sibynophiidae).

Guo Peng P Wang Ping P Lyu Bing B Liu Qin Q Zheng Jieyu J Fu Chunmei C Wu Yayong Y Shu Guocheng G Hou Shaobing S

Ecology and evolution 20230728 8

The elucidation of species diversity and distribution is critical within the fields of evolution, genetics, and conservation. The genus Sibynophis contains rare snakes that have historically received little attention. In this study, we conducted comprehensive sampling and use both mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers to explore Sibynophis species diversity within China. Our findings revealed that S. c. miyiensis should be considered synonymous with S. c. grahami, ...[more]

PMID: 37529581

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Project description:IntroductionThe genus Dinobryon is one of the most recognizable chrysophyte genera, characterized by dendroid colonies with a biflagellate inside each cellulosic lorica. The representative forms of lorica are cylindrical, conical, vase, or funnel shaped, with undulation on the lorica wall. Traditionally, the morphological characteristics of the lorica and the colony organization have been used for the delimitation of Dinobryon species.MethodsTo understand the taxonomy and phylogeny of colonial Dinobryon species, we performed molecular and morphological studies using 39 unialgal cultures and 46 single colony isolations from environmental specimens collected in Korea. We used a nuclear internal transcript spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) to find the genetic diversity of Dinobryon from environmental samples and a combined dataset from six gene sequences (nuclear SSU and LSU rRNA, plastid LSU rRNA, rbcL and psaA, and mitochondrial CO1 genes) for phylogenetic analysis.Results and discussionWe found 15 different lineages based on the genetic diversity of the nuclear ITS sequences. The phylogenetic tree of the colonial species based on the combined multigene dataset were divided into 18 subclades, including five new species, each with unique molecular signatures for the E23-5 helix of the V4 region in the nuclear SSU rRNA and the E11-1 helix of D7b, and the E20-1 helix of D8 regions in the nuclear LSU rRNA. Morphological studies were focused on lorica dimension and shape, and stomatocyst morphology. The Dinobryon species showed similarities or differences in lorica morphologies between and within species, and also differences in lorica size between culture and environmental samples. Five Dinobryon species formed distinctive stomatocysts, their stomatocyst morphologies, including collar structure, surface ornamentation, and cyst shape, showed unique characteristics in each species and were useful for identification. Here, we propose five new species based on morphological and molecular evidences: D. cylindricollarium, D. exstoundulatum, D. inclinatum, D. similis, and D. spinum.

Project description:Caenophidian snakes include the file snake genus Acrochordus and advanced colubroidean snakes that radiated mainly during the Neogene. Although caenophidian snakes are a well-supported clade, their inferred affinities, based either on molecular or morphological data, remain poorly known or controversial. Here, we provide an expanded molecular phylogenetic analysis of Caenophidia and use three non-parametric measures of support-Shimodaira-Hasegawa-Like test (SHL), Felsentein (FBP) and transfer (TBE) bootstrap measures-to evaluate the robustness of each clade in the molecular tree. That very different alternative support values are common suggests that results based on only one support value should be viewed with caution. Using a scheme to combine support values, we find 20.9% of the 1265 clades comprising the inferred caenophidian tree are unambiguously supported by both SHL and FBP values, while almost 37% are unsupported or ambiguously supported, revealing the substantial extent of phylogenetic problems within Caenophidia. Combined FBP/TBE support values show similar results, while SHL/TBE result in slightly higher combined values. We consider key morphological attributes of colubroidean cranial, vertebral and hemipenial anatomy and provide additional morphological evidence supporting the clades Colubroides, Colubriformes, and Endoglyptodonta. We review and revise the relevant caenophidian fossil record and provide a time-calibrated tree derived from our molecular data to discuss the main cladogenetic events that resulted in present-day patterns of caenophidian diversification. Our results suggest that all extant families of Colubroidea and Elapoidea composing the present-day endoglyptodont fauna originated rapidly within the early Oligocene-between approximately 33 and 28 Mya-following the major terrestrial faunal turnover known as the "Grande Coupure" and associated with the overall climate shift at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Our results further suggest that the caenophidian radiation originated within the Caenozoic, with the divergence between Colubroides and Acrochordidae occurring in the early Eocene, at ~ 56 Mya.

Dataset Information

Molecular phylogeny reveals cryptic diversity in Sibynophis from China (Serpentes: Sibynophiidae).

Publications

Molecular phylogeny reveals cryptic diversity in <i>Sibynophis</i> from China (Serpentes: Sibynophiidae).

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