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The Protective Potential of Aronia melanocarpa L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element.

ABSTRACT: The impact of cadmium (Cd) on the function and structure of the kidney and the potential protective effect of an extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries were investigated in a rat model of low- and moderate-level environmental exposure to this heavy metal (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg feed for up to 24 months). The sensitive biomarkers of Cd-induced damage to the kidney tubules (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the urine), clinically relevant early markers of glomerular damage (albumin in the urine and creatinine clearance), and other markers of the general functional status of this organ (urea, uric acid, and total protein in the serum and/or urine) and Cd concentration in the urine, were evaluated. The morphological structure of the kidney and inflammatory markers (chemerin, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1a), and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax)) were also estimated. Low-level and moderate exposure to Cd led to damage to the function and structure of the kidney tubules and glomeruli. The co-administration of A. melanocarpa berry extract significantly protected against the injurious impact of this toxic element. In conclusion, even low-level, long-term exposure to Cd poses a risk of kidney damage, whereas an intake of Aronia berry products may effectively protect from this outcome.

SUBMITTER: Smereczanski NM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10381010 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Protective Potential of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element.

Smereczański Nazar M NM Brzóska Małgorzata M MM Rogalska Joanna J Hutsch Tomasz T

International journal of molecular sciences 20230719 14

The impact of cadmium (Cd) on the function and structure of the kidney and the potential protective effect of an extract from <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> L. berries were investigated in a rat model of low- and moderate-level environmental exposure to this heavy metal (1 and 5 mg Cd/kg feed for up to 24 months). The sensitive biomarkers of Cd-induced damage to the kidney tubules (N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and kidney injury molecule-1 ( ...[more]

PMID: 37511414

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Project description:Background: Our previous research in an experimental model of current environmental human exposure to cadmium (Cd) (female rats fed a diet containing Cd at 1 and 5 mg/kg for up to 2 years) revealed that chronic treatment with this toxic element destroyed the metabolism of the bone tissue, decreased mineralisation, and weakened bone biomechanical properties, whereas the co-administration of a 0.1% chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L. (Michx.) Elliott berry) extract (AME) ameliorated the osteotoxic action of Cd. Methods: In this study, it was explored whether the unfavourable effect of Cd and the protective action of AME might be mediated by the impact on the metabolism of bone essential elements such as calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (Pi), including the pathways of its regulation by calciotropic hormones (parathormone-PTH, calcitonin-CT, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-1,25(OH)2D3) and Klotho. Results: Low-level Cd treatment (1 mg/kg) caused only a temporary elevation in the serum PTH concentration and a decline in the concentration of CT. Moderate treatment with Cd (5 mg/kg) destroyed the body homeostasis of both mineral elements (lowered their concentrations in the serum and enhanced urinary loss), influenced the serum concentrations of Klotho and calciotropic hormones, as well as reduced the concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase (1alpha-OHase) and 1,25(OH)2D3 in the kidney. The application of AME during Cd intoxication improved the pathways involved in maintaining Ca and Pi homeostasis and allowed subjects to maintain the proper levels of these elements in the serum and urine. Conclusions: In conclusion, Cd at low-to-moderate exposure may exert an unfavourable impact on bone by influencing the pathways involved in regulating Ca and Pi metabolism and destroying the body status of these minerals. It seems that the possible mechanism of the osteoprotective effect of AME during chronic intoxication with this toxic element involves normalization of the concentrations of calciotropic hormones and Klotho in the serum and improvement of the homeostasis of Ca and Pi. This study provided further evidence that chokeberry products may be an effective strategy in counteracting the unfavourable effects of chronic low-to-moderate exposure to Cd.

Dataset Information

The Protective Potential of Aronia melanocarpa L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element.

Publications

The Protective Potential of <i>Aronia melanocarpa</i> L. Berry Extract against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Damage: A Study in an Animal Model of Human Environmental Exposure to This Toxic Element.

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