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The association between access to key household resources and violence against women.

ABSTRACT: We provide the first comprehensive analysis of the association between two key household resources (drinking water and toilet access) and both non-partner violence (NPV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by women. We use data from a nationally representative household survey for India obtained from the latest (fourth) round of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015-16. We employ logistic regression method and also use inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment to control for selection bias. We find that NPV decreases with access to drinking water, while IPV decreases with provision of toilets. These results are found to be robust to an alternative method viz. propensity score matching and selection on unobservables using the Rosenbaum bounds approach.

SUBMITTER: Bandyopadhyay S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10382593 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The association between access to key household resources and violence against women.

Bandyopadhyay Siddhartha S Sarkar Sanjukta S Sensarma Rudra R

Scientific reports 20230728 1

We provide the first comprehensive analysis of the association between two key household resources (drinking water and toilet access) and both non-partner violence (NPV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by women. We use data from a nationally representative household survey for India obtained from the latest (fourth) round of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015-16. We employ logistic regression method and also use inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment ...[more]

PMID: 37507414

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Project description:ObjectivesTo describe associations between men's poor mental health (depressive and post-traumatic stress symptomatology) and their perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual violence (NPSV), and women's mental health and their experiences of IPV and NPSV in five settings in the Global South.DesignA pooled analysis of data from baseline interviews with men and women participating in five violence against women and girls prevention intervention evaluations.SettingThree sub-Saharan African countries (South Africa, Ghana and Rwanda), and one Middle Eastern country, the occupied Palestinian territories.Participants7021 men and 4525 women 18+ years old from a mix of self-selecting and randomly selected household surveys.Main outcome measuresAll studies measured depression symptomatology using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, and the Harvard Trauma Scale for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among men and women. IPV and NPSV were measured using items from modified WHO women's health and domestic violence and a UN multicountry study to assess perpetration among men, and experience among women.FindingsOverall men's poor mental health was associated with increased odds of perpetrating physical IPV and NPSV. Specifically, men who had more depressive symptoms had increased odds of reporting IPV (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.13; 95%CI 1.58 to 2.87) and NPSV (aOR=1.62; 95% CI 0.97 to 2.71) perpetration compared with those with fewer symptoms. Men reporting PTSD had higher odds of reporting IPV (aOR=1.87; 95% CI 1.44 to 2.43) and NPSV (aOR=2.13; 95% CI 1.49 to 3.05) perpetration compared with those without PTSD. Women who had experienced IPV (aOR=2.53; 95% CI 2.18 to 2.94) and NPSV (aOR=2.65; 95% CI 2.02 to 3.46) had increased odds of experiencing depressive symptoms compared with those who had not.ConclusionsInterventions aimed at preventing IPV and NPSV perpetration and experience must account for the mental health of men as a risk factor, and women's experience.

Project description:BackgroundViolence against women (VAW) is a global challenge, and the health sector is a key entry point for survivors to receive care. The World Health Organization adopted an earlier framework for health systems response to survivors. However, documentation on the programmatic rollout of health system response to violence against women is lacking in low and middle-income countries. This paper studies the programmatic roll out of the health systems response across select five low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and identifies key learnings.MethodsWe selected five LMIC settings with recent or active programming on national-level health system response to VAW from 2015 to 2020. We synthesized publicly available data and program reports according to the components of the WHO Health Systems Framework. The countries selected are Bangladesh, Brazil, Nepal, Rwanda, and Sri Lanka.ResultsOne-stop centers were found to be the dominant model of care located in hospitals in four countries. Each setting has implemented in-service training as key to addressing provider knowledge, attitudes and practice; however, significant gaps remain in addressing frequent staff turnover, provision of training at scale, and documentation of the impact of training. The health system protocols for VAW address sexual violence but do not uniformly include clinical and health policy responses for emotional or economic violence. Providing privacy to survivors within health facilities was a universal challenge.ConclusionSignificant efforts have been made to address provider attitudes towards provision of care and to protocolize delivery of care to survivors, primarily through one-stop centers. Further improvements can be made in data collection on training impact on provider attitudes and practices, in provider identification of VAW survivors, and in prioritization of VAW within health system budgeting, staffing, and political priorities. Primary health facilities need to provide first-line support for survivors to avoid delays in response to all forms of VAW as well as for secondary prevention.

Dataset Information

The association between access to key household resources and violence against women.

Publications

The association between access to key household resources and violence against women.

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