Hysteresis of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation to CO₂ forcing.

ABSTRACT: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest interannual climate variability with far-reaching socioeconomic consequences. Many studies have investigated ENSO-projected changes under future greenhouse warming, but its responses to plausible mitigation behaviors remain unknown. We show that ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) variability and associated global teleconnection patterns exhibit strong hysteretic responses to carbon dioxide (CO₂) reduction based on the 28-member ensemble simulations of the CESM1.2 model under an idealized CO₂ ramp-up and ramp-down scenario. There is a substantial increase in the ensemble-averaged eastern Pacific SST anomaly variance during the ramp-down period compared to the ramp-up period. Such ENSO hysteresis is mainly attributed

SUBMITTER: Liu C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10396313 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature