Socioeconomic differences in tobacco outlet presence, density, and proximity in four cities in the Netherlands.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies found that tobacco outlets were unevenly distributed by area socioeconomic status (SES). However, evidence from continental Europe is limited. This study aims to assess differences in tobacco outlet presence, density and proximity by area SES in the Netherlands.

Methods

All tobacco outlets in four Dutch cities (Amsterdam, and medium-sized cities Eindhoven, Haarlem, and Zwolle) were mapped between September 2019 and June 2020. We estimated associations between average property value of neighbourhoods (as an indicator of SES, grouped into quintiles) and (1) tobacco outlet presence in the neighbourhood (yes/no), (2) density (per km²), and (3) proximity to the closest outlet (in meters), using logistic and linear regression models.

Resul

SUBMITTER: van Deelen TRD 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10413623 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature