Diagnostic Accuracy of Group A Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Detection Test on Middle Ear Fluid in Children With Acute Otitis Media With Spontaneous Perforation: A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Cohen R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10417216 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Group A Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Detection Test on Middle Ear Fluid in Children With Acute Otitis Media With Spontaneous Perforation: A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation.
Cohen Robert R Varon Emmanuelle E Bidet Philippe P Cohen Jérémie F JF Béchet Stéphane S Couloigner Vincent V Michot Anne Sylvestre AS Guiheneuf Cécile C Bonacorsi Stéphane S Levy Corinne C
The Pediatric infectious disease journal 20230622 9
Group A Streptococcus is one of the leading causes of otorrhea. The performance of rapid antigen tests in 256 children with otorrhea showed excellent sensitivity, 97.3% (95% confidence interval: 90.7%-99.7%), and specificity, 100% (95% confidence interval: 98.0%-100%). In a period of increasing invasive and noninvasive group A Streptococcus infections, an early diagnosis could be useful. ...[more]
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Project description:Objective: Otitis media is known to alter expression of cytokine and other genes in the mouse middle ear and inner ear. However, whole mouse genome studies of gene expression in otitis media have not previously been undertaken. Ninety-nine percent of mouse genes are shared in the human, so these studies are relevant to the human condition. Methods: To assess inflammation-driven processes in the mouse ear, gene chip analyses were conducted on mice treated with trans-tympanic heat-killed Hemophilus influenza using untreated mice as controls. Middle and inner ear tissues were separately harvested at 6 hours, RNA extracted, and samples for each treatment processed on the Affymetrix 430 2.0 Gene Chip for expression of its 34,000 genes. Results: Statistical analysis of gene expression compared to control mice showed significant alteration of gene expression in 2,355 genes, 11% of the genes tested and 8% of the mouse genome. Significant middle and inner ear upregulation (fold change >1.5, p<0.05) was seen in 1,081 and 599 genes respectively. Significant middle and inner ear downregulation (fold change <0.67, p<0.05) was seen in 978 and 287 genes respectively. While otitis media is widely believed to be an exclusively middle ear process with little impact on the inner ear, the inner ear changes noted in this study were numerous and discrete from the middle ear responses. This suggests that the inner ear does indeed respond to otitis media and that its response is a distinctive process. Numerous new genes, previously not studied, are found to be affected by inflammation in the ear. Conclusion: Whole genome analysis via gene chip allows simultaneous examination of expression of hundreds of gene families influenced by inflammation in the middle ear. Discovery of new gene families affected by inflammation may lead to new approaches to the study and treatment of otitis media.
2013-07-23 | GSE49128 | GEO
Project description:Objective: Otitis media is known to alter expression of cytokine and other genes in the mouse middle ear and inner ear. However, whole mouse genome studies of gene expression in otitis media have not previously been undertaken. Ninety-nine percent of mouse genes are shared in the human, so these studies are relevant to the human condition. Methods: To assess inflammation-driven processes in the mouse ear, gene chip analyses were conducted on mice treated with trans-tympanic heat-killed Hemophilus influenza using untreated mice as controls. Middle and inner ear tissues were separately harvested at 6 hours, RNA extracted, and samples for each treatment processed on the Affymetrix 430 2.0 Gene Chip for expression of its 34,000 genes. Results: Statistical analysis of gene expression compared to control mice showed significant alteration of gene expression in 2,355 genes, 11% of the genes tested and 8% of the mouse genome. Significant middle and inner ear upregulation (fold change >1.5, p<0.05) was seen in 1,081 and 599 genes respectively. Significant middle and inner ear downregulation (fold change <0.67, p<0.05) was seen in 978 and 287 genes respectively. While otitis media is widely believed to be an exclusively middle ear process with little impact on the inner ear, the inner ear changes noted in this study were numerous and discrete from the middle ear responses. This suggests that the inner ear does indeed respond to otitis media and that its response is a distinctive process. Numerous new genes, previously not studied, are found to be affected by inflammation in the ear. Conclusion: Whole genome analysis via gene chip allows simultaneous examination of expression of hundreds of gene families influenced by inflammation in the middle ear. Discovery of new gene families affected by inflammation may lead to new approaches to the study and treatment of otitis media. There are 8 control samples and 9 samples trans-tympanically injected with H flu 10e9 for 6 hours. Each sample is from a single animal.
2013-07-23 | E-GEOD-49128 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundOtitis media (OM) is characterized by acute infection progressing to chronic middle ear effusion (MEE). Extracellular secretion of microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes is a newly discovered mechanism for cells exerting distant cell genetic regulation. Whether MEE contains exosomes with specific miRNAs is unknown. This study aimed to purify and characterize the exosomal and miRNA content of MEE.MethodMEEs were subjected to Exoquick exosomal purification and EXOCET exosomal quantification. Extracted vesicles were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunoblotting of HSP-70. NanoString hybridization was performed to profile miRNAs. Exosomal protein content was profiled by Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).ResultsEXOCET assays showed presence of exosomes (0-0.5 × 107/ml) in MEEs. DLS confirmed exosomal size between 10 and 200 nm. Western blot analysis showed presence of HSP-70. Twenty-nine miRNAs were found to be unique to MEEs. The most abundant miRNA was miR-223, a miRNA typically secreted by neutrophils. Proteomics demonstrated typical neutrophil markers as well as common innate immune molecules.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this the first report demonstrating the presence of exosomes transporting miRNAs in MEEs. These findings open a broad and novel area of research in OM pathophysiology as driven by miRNA cell communication.
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| S-EPMC4783106 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2013-07-23 | GSE49129 | GEO
Project description:ObjectiveOtitis media is known to alter expression of cytokine and other genes in the mouse middle ear and inner ear. However, whole mouse genome studies of gene expression in otitis media have not previously been undertaken. Ninety-nine percent of mouse genes are shared in the human, so these studies are relevant to the human condition.MethodsTo assess inflammation-driven processes in the mouse ear, gene chip analyses were conducted on mice treated with trans-tympanic heat-killed Hemophilus influenza using untreated mice as controls. Middle and inner ear tissues were separately harvested at 6 hours, RNA extracted, and samples for each treatment processed on the Affymetrix 430 2.0 Gene Chip for expression of its 34,000 genes.ResultsStatistical analysis of gene expression compared to control mice showed significant alteration of gene expression in 2,355 genes, 11% of the genes tested and 8% of the mouse genome. Significant middle and inner ear upregulation (fold change >1.5, p<0.05) was seen in 1,081 and 599 genes respectively. Significant middle and inner ear downregulation (fold change <0.67, p<0.05) was seen in 978 and 287 genes respectively. While otitis media is widely believed to be an exclusively middle ear process with little impact on the inner ear, the inner ear changes noted in this study were numerous and discrete from the middle ear responses. This suggests that the inner ear does indeed respond to otitis media and that its response is a distinctive process. Numerous new genes, previously not studied, are found to be affected by inflammation in the ear.ConclusionWhole genome analysis via gene chip allows simultaneous examination of expression of hundreds of gene families influenced by inflammation in the middle ear. Discovery of new gene families affected by inflammation may lead to new approaches to the study and treatment of otitis media.
| S-EPMC3790799 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo compare levels of middle ear (ME) MUC5AC expression in patients with otitis media (OM) with patients without OM. Mucin gene 5AC has been identified as a major secretory mucin in the ME and is fundamentally important in the development of ME mucoid effusions, hearing loss and also provides ME mucosal protection and bacterial clearance.DesignCase control.SettingTertiary, academic, pediatric otolaryngology practice.PatientsPatients 9 months to 7 years old undergoing routine tympanostomy tube (TT) insertion for recurrent otitis media (RecOM) or chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) were compared with control patients without a history of OM undergoing cochlear implantation.MethodsDuring routine TT placement or cochlear implantation, a 1-mm biopsy sample of the ME epithelium was obtained. RNA was extracted, and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify levels of MUC5AC expression.ResultsTwenty-three patients with OM (12 with RecOM and with 11 COME) were evaluated using 5 controls. Mean age was not different between groups. In the RecOM group, mean expression of MUC5AC was 25.92 times greater than in controls. In the COME group, the mean expression was 155.40 times greater than in controls.ConclusionsLevels of MUC5AC expression in the human ME are significantly increased in patients with RecOM and COME compared with controls. This study demonstrates MUC5AC gene changes in patients with OM and highlights the need for greater understanding of the molecular responses in OM; particularly that of mucin. A thorough exploration of these factors will provide opportunities to develop novel interventions for the extremely common problem of OM.
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Project description:Turicella otitidis is an unusual corynebacterium with a controversial role in otitis media in children. Metabolic capabilities deduced from the draft genome indicate its adaptation to habitats on the human skin and in the intestine. The lack of candidate virulence factors implies that T. otitidis has a low pathogenic potential.
| S-EPMC3486069 | biostudies-other
Project description:Objective: Otitis media is known to alter expression of cytokine and other genes in the mouse middle ear and inner ear. However, whole mouse genome studies of gene expression in otitis media have not previously been undertaken. Ninety-nine percent of mouse genes are shared in the human, so these studies are relevant to the human condition. Methods: To assess inflammation-driven processes in the mouse ear, gene chip analyses were conducted on mice treated with trans-tympanic heat-killed Hemophilus influenza using untreated mice as controls. Middle and inner ear tissues were separately harvested at 6 hours, RNA extracted, and samples for each treatment processed on the Affymetrix 430 2.0 Gene Chip for expression of its 34,000 genes. Results: Statistical analysis of gene expression compared to control mice showed significant alteration of gene expression in 2,355 genes, 11% of the genes tested and 8% of the mouse genome. Significant middle and inner ear upregulation (fold change >1.5, p<0.05) was seen in 1,081 and 599 genes respectively. Significant middle and inner ear downregulation (fold change <0.67, p<0.05) was seen in 978 and 287 genes respectively. While otitis media is widely believed to be an exclusively middle ear process with little impact on the inner ear, the inner ear changes noted in this study were numerous and discrete from the middle ear responses. This suggests that the inner ear does indeed respond to otitis media and that its response is a distinctive process. Numerous new genes, previously not studied, are found to be affected by inflammation in the ear. Conclusion: Whole genome analysis via gene chip allows simultaneous examination of expression of hundreds of gene families influenced by inflammation in the middle ear. Discovery of new gene families affected by inflammation may lead to new approaches to the study and treatment of otitis media.
2013-07-23 | GSE49122 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundChronic Otitis Media (COM) is characterized by middle ear effusion (MEE) and conductive hearing loss. MEE reflect mucus hypersecretion, but global proteomic profiling of the mucosal components are limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed at characterizing the proteome of MEEs from children with COM with the goal of elucidating important innate immune responses.MethodMEEs were collected from children (n = 49) with COM undergoing myringotomy. Mass spectrometry was employed for proteomic profiling in nine samples. Independent samples were further analyzed by cytokine multiplex assay, immunoblotting, neutrophil elastase activity, next generation DNA sequencing, and/or immunofluorescence analysis.Results109 unique and common proteins were identified by MS. A majority were innate immune molecules, along with typically intracellular proteins such as histones and actin. 19.5% percent of all mapped peptide counts were from proteins known to be released by neutrophils. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting demonstrated the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in every MEE, along with MUC5B colocalization. DNA found in effusions revealed unfragmented DNA of human origin.ConclusionProteomic analysis of MEEs revealed a predominantly neutrophilic innate mucosal response in which MUC5B is associated with NET DNA. NETs are a primary macromolecular constituent of human COM middle ear effusions.
| S-EPMC4831838 | biostudies-literature