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A secreted catalase contributes to Puccinia striiformis resistance to host-derived oxidative stress.

ABSTRACT: Plants can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to counteract pathogen invasion, and pathogens have also evolved corresponding ROS scavenging strategies to promote infection and pathogenicity. Catalases (CATs) have been found to play pivotal roles in detoxifying H₂O₂ formed by superoxide anion catalyzed by superoxide dismutases (SODs). However, few studies have addressed H₂O₂ removing during rust fungi infection of wheat. In this study, we cloned a CAT gene PsCAT1 from Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), which encodes a monofunctional heme-containing catalase. PsCAT1 exhibited a high degree of tolerance to pH and temperature, and forms high homopolymers.Heterologous complementation assays in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveal that the signal peptide of PsCAT1 is functional. Overexpression of PsCAT1 enhanced S. cerevisiae resistance to H₂O₂. Transient expression of PsCAT1 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed Bax-induced cell death. Knockdown of PsCAT1 using a host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) system led to the reduced virulence of Pst, which was correlated to H₂O₂ accumulation in HIGS plants. These results indicate that PsCAT1 acts as an important pathogenicity factor that facilitates Pst infection by scavenging host-derived H₂O₂.

SUBMITTER: Yuan P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10441885 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A secreted catalase contributes to Puccinia striiformis resistance to host-derived oxidative stress.

Yuan Pu P Qian Wenhao W Jiang Lihua L Jia Conghui C Ma Xiaoxuan X Kang Zhensheng Z Liu Jie J

Stress biology 20211229 1

Plants can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to counteract pathogen invasion, and pathogens have also evolved corresponding ROS scavenging strategies to promote infection and pathogenicity. Catalases (CATs) have been found to play pivotal roles in detoxifying H2O2 formed by superoxide anion catalyzed by superoxide dismutases (SODs). However, few studies have addressed H2O2 removing during rust fungi infection of wheat. In this study, we cloned a CA ...[more]

PMID: 37676381

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Project description:BackgroundYellow (stripe) rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis, is a serious disease that results in great economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the variation in plant responses in three wheat cultivars with different resistance levels against yellow rust.ResultsThe highest disease severity was recorded for cv. Gemmieza-11 (95%), followed by cv. Shandweel 1 (60%), while the lowest was recorded for cv. Misr-3 (3%). qPCR results of the yellow rust-resistance genes Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, and Yr18 showed that the infection did not affect the expression of Yr5 and Yr15 in the infected Gemmieza-11 plants when compared to the non-infected control. In contrast, the infection significantly overexpressed Yr5 and Yr15 in cvs. Shandweel 1 and Misr-3. However, Misr-3 was superior in this regard, recording 3.85- and 4.07-fold for Yr5 and Yr15, respectively. In addition, the infection significantly upregulated Yr10 and Yr18 in the three tested cultivars, with the superiority for the cultivar Misr-3, followed by Shandweel 1. Activity of the antioxidant enzymes peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase was significantly higher in the infected plants of cv. Misr-3 than in cv. Shandweel-1, while the lowest values were recorded in cv. Gemmieza-11. The increment in this activity was associated with a reduction in the lipid peroxidation in the three tested cultivars. The phenolic content considerably increased also upon infection in cv. Misr-3 followed by Shandweel-1 but not in cv. Gemmieza-11, compared to the non-infected plants. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the infected mesophyll cells in cv. Gemmieza-11 showed abnormalities in the chloroplasts and thick-walled haustoria. On the contrary, the mesophyll cells in cv. Misr-3 showed no haustoria and well organized chloroplasts. The mesophyll cells in cv. Shandweel-1 displayed highly degenerated haustoria, a degenerated granulated cytoplasm, and a thick host cell wall, indicating intermediate defense responses against the invading pathogen. Plant growth, yield, and photosynthetic pigments were higher in cv. Misr-3, followed by cv. Shandweel-1, and the lowest values were recorded in cv. Gemmieza-11.ConclusionsThe obtained results displayed that Yr5 and Yr15 were more effective than Yr10 and Yr18, indicating their main roles in regulating multiple defense mechanisms and hypersensitive responses.

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A secreted catalase contributes to Puccinia striiformis resistance to host-derived oxidative stress.

Publications

A secreted catalase contributes to Puccinia striiformis resistance to host-derived oxidative stress.

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