Dataset Information

A circuit suppressing retinal drive to the optokinetic system during fast image motion.

ABSTRACT: Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) assists stabilization of the retinal image during head rotation. OKN is driven by ON direction selective retinal ganglion cells (ON DSGCs), which encode both the direction and speed of global retinal slip. The synaptic circuits responsible for the direction selectivity of ON DSGCs are well understood, but those sculpting their slow-speed preference remain enigmatic. Here, we probe this mechanism in mouse retina through patch clamp recordings, functional imaging, genetic manipulation, and electron microscopic reconstructions. We confirm earlier evidence that feedforward glycinergic inhibition is the main suppressor of ON DSGC responses to fast motion, and reveal the source for this inhibition-the VGluT3 amacrine cell, a dual neurotransmitter, excitatory/inhibitory interneuron. Together, our results identify a role for VGluT3 cells in limiting the speed range of OKN. More broadly, they suggest VGluT3 cells shape the response of many retinal cell types to fast motion, suppressing it in some while enhancing it in others.

SUBMITTER: Mani A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10447436 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A circuit suppressing retinal drive to the optokinetic system during fast image motion.

Mani Adam A Yang Xinzhu X Zhao Tiffany A TA Leyrer Megan L ML Schreck Daniel D Berson David M DM

Nature communications 20230823 1

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) assists stabilization of the retinal image during head rotation. OKN is driven by ON direction selective retinal ganglion cells (ON DSGCs), which encode both the direction and speed of global retinal slip. The synaptic circuits responsible for the direction selectivity of ON DSGCs are well understood, but those sculpting their slow-speed preference remain enigmatic. Here, we probe this mechanism in mouse retina through patch clamp recordings, functional imaging, genet ...[more]

PMID: 37612305

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Project description:SignificanceStereothresholds increase in the presence of disconjugate image motion, whether this motion results from vergence errors that occur during active head movements or is imposed externally.PurposeDuring rapid voluntary oscillations of the head, vergence eye position has been reported to vary with a peak-to-peak amplitude of about 0.5°-a considerably greater amplitude than when the head is still. Concurrently, stereopsis was reported to be unaffected by voluntary head motion. In the present study, we measured stereothresholds during voluntary side-to-side head movements and during imposed disconjugate image motion with the head stationary, to simulate that produced during active head movement.MethodsStereothresholds were measured for a pair of 30-arcmin bright vertical lines presented on an oscilloscope and viewed through a custom mirror haploscope. Data were obtained from four normal observers during voluntary side-to-side head movements at temporal frequencies up to 1.5 Hz and also while the head remained still. In addition, stereothresholds were measured with the head stationary when opposite rotations of the galvanometer-driven mirrors in each channel of the haploscope created disconjugate image motion to simulate vergence variability during active head movement.ResultsDuring head motion, average stereothresholds increased from about 10 to about 14 arcsec. With imposed disconjugate image motion, stereothresholds rose systematically to about 35 arcsec when the peak-to-peak motion amplitude was 0.5°. Stereothresholds depend primarily on the amplitude of imposed motion and only marginally on variations of the disjunctive-motion wave form.ConclusionsStereothresholds are elevated modestly during active head movements. The results obtained with imposed disjunctive image motion are consistent with a previously proposal that stereothresholds vary according to the unsigned, time-averaged deviation of the stereotarget from the plane of the horopter.

Dataset Information

A circuit suppressing retinal drive to the optokinetic system during fast image motion.

Publications

A circuit suppressing retinal drive to the optokinetic system during fast image motion.

Similar Datasets

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