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Dogs Can Be Reservoirs of Escherichia coli Strains Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Human Household Contacts.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the role played by pets as reservoirs of Escherichia coli strains causing human urinary tract infections (UTIs) in household contacts. Among 119 patients with community-acquired E. coli UTIs, we recruited 19 patients who lived with a dog or a cat. Fecal swabs from the household pet(s) were screened by antimicrobial selective culture to detect E. coli displaying the resistance profile of the human strain causing UTI. Two dogs shed E. coli isolates indistinguishable from the UTI strain by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Ten months later, new feces from these dogs and their owners were screened selectively and quantitatively for the presence of the UTI strain, followed by core-genome phylogenetic analysis of all isolates. In one pair, the resistance phenotype of the UTI strain occurred more frequently in human (10⁸ CFU/g) than in canine feces (10⁴ CFU/g), and human fecal isolates were more similar (2-7 SNPs) to the UTI strain than canine isolates (83-86 SNPs). In the other pair, isolates genetically related to the UTI strain (23-40 SNPs) were only detected in canine feces (10⁵ CFU/g). These results show that dogs can be long-term carriers of E. coli strains causing UTIs in human household contacts.

SUBMITTER: Damborg P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10451620 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dogs Can Be Reservoirs of Escherichia coli Strains Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Human Household Contacts.

Damborg Peter P Pirolo Mattia M Schøn Poulsen Laura L Frimodt-Møller Niels N Guardabassi Luca L

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 20230801 8

This study aimed to investigate the role played by pets as reservoirs of Escherichia coli strains causing human urinary tract infections (UTIs) in household contacts. Among 119 patients with community-acquired E. coli UTIs, we recruited 19 patients who lived with a dog or a cat. Fecal swabs from the household pet(s) were screened by antimicrobial selective culture to detect E. coli displaying the resistance profile of the human strain causing UTI. Two dogs shed E. coli</i ...[more]

PMID: 37627689

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Project description:BackgroundEscherichia coli is the leading pathogen responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) and recurrent UTI (RUTI). Few studies have dealt with the characterization of host and bacteria in RUTI caused by E. coli with genetically identical or different strains. This study aimed to investigate the host and bacterial characteristics of E. coli RUTI based on molecular typing.ResultsPatients aged 20 years or above who presented with symptoms of UTI in emergency department or outpatient clinics between August 2009 and December 2010 were enrolled. RUTI was defined as patients had 2 or more infections in 6 months or 3 or more in 12 months during the study period. Host factors (including age, gender, anatomical/functional defect, and immune dysfunction) and bacterial factors (including phylogenicity, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance) were included for analysis. There were 41 patients (41%) with 91 episodes of E. coli RUTI with highly related PFGE (HRPFGE) pattern (pattern similarity > 85%) and 58 (59%) patients with 137 episodes of E. coli RUTI with different molecular typing (DMT) pattern, respectively. There was a higher prevalence of phylogenetic group B2 and neuA and usp genes in HRPFGE group if the first episode of RUTI caused by HRPFGE E. coli strains and all episodes of RUTI caused by DMT E. coli strains were included for comparison. The uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains in RUTI were more virulent in female gender, age < 20 years, neither anatomical/ functional defect nor immune dysfunction, and phylogenetic group B2. There were correlations among prior antibiotic therapy within 3 months and subsequent antimicrobial resistance in HRPFGE E. coli RUTI. The use of fluoroquinolones was more likely associated with subsequent antimicrobial resistance in most types of antibiotics.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the uropathogens in RUTI were more virulent in genetically highly-related E. coli strains. Higher bacterial virulence in young age group (< 20 years) and patients with neither anatomical/functional defect nor immune dysfunction suggests that virulent UPEC strains are needed for the development of RUTI in healthy populations. Prior antibiotic therapy, especially the fluoroquinolones, within 3 months could induce subsequent antimicrobial resistance in genetically highly-related E. coli RUTI.

Project description:IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to animal and public health worldwide; consequently, several AMR surveillances programs have been implemented internationally in both human and veterinary medicine, including indicator bacteria such as Escherichia coli. However, companion animals are not typically included in these surveillance programs. Nevertheless, there have been reports of increasing levels of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli strains isolated from dogs worldwide. In Chile, there is limited information available on AMR in E. coli isolated from companion animals, which prevents the establishment of objective prevention and control measures.MethodsFor this reason, the aim of this study was to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic AMR of E. coli strains isolated from healthy household dogs in Chile. For this purpose, a multi-stage sampling was carried out in the Metropolitan Region of Chile, obtaining samples from 600 healthy dogs. These samples were processed using traditional bacteriology and molecular techniques to isolate E. coli strains. We assessed the minimal inhibitory concentration of 17 antimicrobials and conducted a search of six antimicrobial resistance genes, as well as class 1 and 2 integrons, in the isolated strains.ResultsTwo-hundred and twenty-four strains of E. coli were recovered, and 96.9% (n = 217) showed resistance to at least one drug and only 3.1% (n = 7) were susceptible to all analyzed antimicrobials. Most strains were resistant to cefalexin (91.5%, n = 205, 1st-generation cephalosporin), followed by ampicillin (68.3%, n = 153) and cefpodoxime (31.3%, n = 70, 3rd-generation cephalosporin). Moreover, 24.1% (n = 54) tested positive for extended-spectrum-β-lactamases and 34.4% (n = 77) were multidrug resistant. As for the AMR genes, the most detected was qnrB (28.1%, n = 63), followed by blaCTX-M (22.3%, n = 50), and blaTEM-1 (19.6%, n = 44). Additionally, 16.1% (n = 36) harbored class 1 integrons. Our study shows that E. coli strains isolated from healthy household dogs exhibit resistance to several relevant drugs and also antimicrobial resistance genes considered critical for human health. These results can be used as a starting point for the prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance from companion animals. This background should be considered when formulating future resistance surveillance programs or control plans in which companion animals must be included.

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Dogs Can Be Reservoirs of Escherichia coli Strains Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Human Household Contacts.

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Dogs Can Be Reservoirs of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Human Household Contacts.

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