Six Functions of Respiration: Isn't It Time to Take Control over ROS Production in Mitochondria, and Aging Along with It?

ABSTRACT: Cellular respiration is associated with at least six distinct but intertwined biological functions. (1) biosynthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate, (2) consumption of respiratory substrates, (3) support of membrane transport, (4) conversion of respiratory energy to heat, (5) removal of oxygen to prevent oxidative damage, and (6) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as signaling molecules. Here we focus on function #6, which helps the organism control its mitochondria. The ROS bursts typically occur when the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) becomes too high, e.g., due to mitochondrial malfunction, leading to cardiolipin (CL) oxidation. Depending on the intensity of CL damage, specific programs for the elimination of damaged mitochondria (mitophagy), whole cells (apopt

SUBMITTER: Skulachev VP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10454651 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature