Dataset Information

Association Between Maternal Breastmilk Microbiota Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response in African, Asian, and European Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Maternal breastmilk is a source of pre- and pro-biotics that impact neonatal gut microbiota colonization. Because oral rotavirus vaccines (ORVs) are administered at a time when infants are often breastfed, breastmilk microbiota composition may have a direct or indirect influence on vaccine take and immunogenicity.

Methods

Using standardized methods across sites, we compared breastmilk microbiota composition in relation to geographic location and ORV response in cohorts prospectively followed from birth to 18 weeks of age in India (n = 307), Malawi (n = 119), and the United Kingdom ([UK] n = 60).

Results

Breastmilk microbiota diversity was higher in India and Malawi than the UK across 3 longitudinal samples spanning weeks of life 1 to 13. Dominant taxa such as Streptococcus and Staphylococcus were consistent across cohorts; however, significant geographic differences were observed in the prevalence and abundance of common and rare genera throughout follow up. No consistent associations were identified between breastmilk microbiota composition and ORV outcomes including seroconversion, vaccine shedding after dose 1, and postvaccination rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A level.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that breastmilk microbiota composition may not be a key factor in shaping trends in ORV response within or between countries.

SUBMITTER: Mandolo J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10469347 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association Between Maternal Breastmilk Microbiota Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response in African, Asian, and European Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Mandolo Jonathan J Parker Edward P K EPK Bronowski Christina C Sindhu Kulandaipalayam Natarajan C KNC Darby Alistair C AC Cunliffe Nigel A NA Kang Gagandeep G Iturriza-Gómara Miren M Kamng'ona Arox W AW Jere Khuzwayo C KC

The Journal of infectious diseases 20230801 5

<h4>Background</h4>Maternal breastmilk is a source of pre- and pro-biotics that impact neonatal gut microbiota colonization. Because oral rotavirus vaccines (ORVs) are administered at a time when infants are often breastfed, breastmilk microbiota composition may have a direct or indirect influence on vaccine take and immunogenicity.<h4>Methods</h4>Using standardized methods across sites, we compared breastmilk microbiota composition in relation to geographic location and ORV response in cohorts ...[more]

PMID: 37364376

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Project description:Infants who are exposed to HIV but uninfected (iHEU) have higher risk of infectious morbidity than infants who are HIV-unexposed and uninfected (iHUU), possibly due to altered immunity. As infant gut microbiota may influence immune development, we evaluated the effects of HIV exposure on infant gut microbiota and its association with tetanus toxoid vaccine responses. We evaluated the gut microbiota of 82 South African (61 iHEU and 21 iHUU) and 196 Nigerian (141 iHEU and 55 iHUU) infants at <1 and 15 weeks of life by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Anti-tetanus antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at matched time points. Gut microbiota in the 278 included infants and its succession were more strongly influenced by geographical location and age than by HIV exposure. Microbiota of Nigerian infants, who were exclusively breastfed, drastically changed over 15 weeks, becoming dominated by Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis. This change was not observed among South African infants, even when limiting the analysis to exclusively breastfed infants. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression suggested that HIV exposure and gut microbiota were independently associated with tetanus titers at week 15, and that high passively transferred antibody levels, as seen in the Nigerian cohort, may mitigate these effects. In conclusion, in two African cohorts, HIV exposure minimally altered the infant gut microbiota compared to age and setting, but both specific gut microbes and HIV exposure independently predicted humoral tetanus vaccine responses.IMPORTANCEGut microbiota plays an essential role in immune system development. Since infants HIV-exposed and uninfected (iHEU) are more vulnerable to infectious diseases than unexposed infants, we explored the impact of HIV exposure on gut microbiota and its association with vaccine responses. This study was conducted in two African countries with rapidly increasing numbers of iHEU. Infant HIV exposure did not substantially affect gut microbial succession, but geographic location had a strong effect. However, both the relative abundance of specific gut microbes and HIV exposure were independently associated with tetanus titers, which were also influenced by baseline tetanus titers (maternal transfer). Our findings provide insight into the effect of HIV exposure, passive maternal antibody, and gut microbiota on infant humoral vaccine responses.

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Dataset Information

Association Between Maternal Breastmilk Microbiota Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response in African, Asian, and European Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Association Between Maternal Breastmilk Microbiota Composition and Rotavirus Vaccine Response in African, Asian, and European Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study.

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