Immunohistochemistry and oxygen saturation endoscopic imaging reveal hypoxia in submucosal invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hypoxic microenvironment is prominent in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, it is unclear whether ESCC becomes hypoxic when it remains in the mucosal layer or as it invades the submucosal layer. We aimed to investigate whether intramucosal (Tis-T1a) or submucosal invasive (T1b) ESCC becomes hypoxic using endoscopic submucosal dissection samples.

Methods

We evaluated the expression of hypoxia markers including hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) by H-score and vessel density by microvessel count (MVC) and microvessel density (MVD) for CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) with immunohistochemical staining (n = 109). Further, we quantified oxygen saturation (StO₂

SUBMITTER: Minakata N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10469640 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature