Dataset Information

Vascular risk factors and astrocytic marker for the glymphatic system activity.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

Glymphatic system maintains brain fluid circulation via active transportation of astrocytic aquaporin-4 in perivascular space. The diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) is an established method measuring perivascular glymphatic activity, but comprehensive investigations into its influential factors are lacking.

Methods

Community-dwelling older adults underwent brain MRI scans, neuropsychiatric, and multi-domain assessments. Blood biomarker tests included glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for astrocyte injury.

Results

In 71 enrolled participants, the DTI-ALPS index was associated with modifiable factors, including lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein, r = 0.396; very-low-density lipoprotein, r = - 0.342), glucose intolerance (diabetes mellitus, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.7662; glycated hemoglobin, r = - 0.324), obesity (body mass index, r = - 0.295; waist, r = - 0.455), metabolic syndrome (SMD = - 0.6068), cigarette-smoking (SMD = - 0.6292), and renal clearance (creatinine, r = - 0.387; blood urea nitrogen, r = - 0.303). Unmodifiable associative factors of DTI-ALPS were age (r = - 0.434) and sex (SMD = 1.0769) (all p < 0.05). A correlation of DTI-ALPS and blood GFAP was noticed (r = - 0.201, one-tailed t-test for the assumption that astrocytic injury impaired glymphatic activity, p = 0.046). Their cognitive correlations diverged, domain-specific for DTI-ALPS (Facial Memory Test, r = 0.272, p = 0.022) but global cognition-related for blood GFAP (MoCA, r = - 0.264, p = 0.026; ADAS-cog, r = 0.304, p = 0.010).

Conclusion

This correlation analysis revealed multiple modifiable and unmodifiable association factors to the glymphatic image marker. The DTI-ALPS index correlated with various metabolic factors that are known to increase the risk of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the DTI-ALPS index was associated with renal indices, and this connection might be a link of water regulation between the two systems. In addition, the astrocytic biomarker, plasma GFAP, might be a potential marker of the glymphatic system; however, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

SUBMITTER: Wei YC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10474179 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vascular risk factors and astrocytic marker for the glymphatic system activity.

Wei Yi-Chia YC Hsu Chih-Chin Heather CH Huang Wen-Yi WY Lin Chemin C Chen Chih-Ken CK Chen Yao-Liang YL Chen Pin-Yuan PY Shyu Yu-Chiau YC Lin Ching-Po CP

La Radiologia medica 20230718 9

<h4>Objectives</h4>Glymphatic system maintains brain fluid circulation via active transportation of astrocytic aquaporin-4 in perivascular space. The diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) is an established method measuring perivascular glymphatic activity, but comprehensive investigations into its influential factors are lacking.<h4>Methods</h4>Community-dwelling older adults underwent brain MRI scans, neuropsychiatric, and multi-domain assessments. Blood biom ...[more]

PMID: 37462887

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Project description:The discovery of the glymphatic system has revolutionized our understanding of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation and interstitial waste clearance in the brain. This scoping review aims to synthesize the current literature on the glymphatic system's role in neurosurgical conditions and its potential as a therapeutic target. We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed and Scopus databases for studies published between January 1, 2012, and October 31, 2023. Studies were selected based on their relevance to neurosurgical conditions and glymphatic function, with both animal and human studies included. Data extraction focused on the methods for quantifying glymphatic function and the main results. A total of 67 articles were included, covering conditions such as idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), stroke, intracranial tumors, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Significant glymphatic dysregulation was noted in iNPH and IIH, with evidence of impaired CSF dynamics and delayed clearance. SAH studies indicated glymphatic dysfunction with the potential therapeutic effects of nimodipine and tissue plasminogen activator. In stroke, alterations in glymphatic activity correlated with the extent of edema and neurological recovery. TBI studies highlighted the role of the glymphatic system in post-injury cognitive outcomes. Results indicate that the regulation of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) channels is a critical target for therapeutic intervention. The glymphatic system plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of various neurosurgical conditions, influencing brain edema and CSF dynamics. Targeting the regulation of AQP4 channels presents as a significant therapeutic strategy. Although promising, the translation of these findings into clinical practice requires further human studies. Future research should focus on establishing non-invasive biomarkers for glymphatic function and exploring the long-term effects of glymphatic dysfunction.

Dataset Information

Vascular risk factors and astrocytic marker for the glymphatic system activity.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Vascular risk factors and astrocytic marker for the glymphatic system activity.

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