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When drought meets heat - a plant omics perspective.

ABSTRACT: Changes in weather patterns with emerging drought risks and rising global temperature are widespread and negatively affect crop growth and productivity. In nature, plants are simultaneously exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, but most studies focus on individual stress conditions. However, the simultaneous occurrence of different stresses impacts plant growth and development differently than a single stress. Plants sense the different stress combinations in the same or in different tissues, which could induce specific systemic signalling and acclimation responses; impacting different stress-responsive transcripts, protein abundance and modifications, and metabolites. This mini-review focuses on the combination of drought and heat, two abiotic stress conditions that often occur together. Recent omics studies indicate common or independent regulators involved in heat or drought stress responses. Here, we summarize the current research results, highlight gaps in our knowledge, and flag potential future focus areas.

SUBMITTER: Xu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10478009 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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When drought meets heat - a plant omics perspective.

Xu Xiangyu X Fonseca de Lima Cassio Flavio CF Vu Lam Dai LD De Smet Ive I

Frontiers in plant science 20230822

Changes in weather patterns with emerging drought risks and rising global temperature are widespread and negatively affect crop growth and productivity. In nature, plants are simultaneously exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, but most studies focus on individual stress conditions. However, the simultaneous occurrence of different stresses impacts plant growth and development differently than a single stress. Plants sense the different stress combinations in the same or in different ...[more]

PMID: 37674736

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Project description:Maize (Zea mays L.), a key staple crop in Sub-Saharan Africa, is particularly vulnerable to concurrent drought and heat stress, which threatens crop yield and food security. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have shown potential as biofertilizers to enhance plant resilience under such abiotic stresses. This study aimed to (1) identify PGPR isolates tolerant to drought and heat, (2) assess their capacity to mitigate the effects of these stresses on early maize growth, and (3) analyze maize gene expression changes associated with PGPR-induced tolerance. Rhizobacteria were isolated and screened for drought and heat tolerance, alongside key plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, including phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and indole acetic acid production. In vitro and pot trials evaluated the effects of selected isolates on maize growth under stress, using indicators such as shoot length, root and shoot biomass (wet and dry), and leaf water content. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to profile maize stress response genes. The identified PGPR isolates included Bacillus cereus (11MN1), Bacillus pseudomycoides (21MN1B), Lelliottia amnigena (33MP1), and Leclercia adecarboxylata (36MP8). Greenhouse trials demonstrated that L. amnigena 33MP1, L. adecarboxylata 36MP8, and a mixed culture of isolates (11MN1, 21MN1B, 33MP1, 36MP8) effectively alleviated the adverse effects of concurrent drought and heat stress in maize. Notably, qRT-PCR analysis indicated that PGPR-induced tolerance may involve the modulation of stress response genes CAT2 (catalase 2) and DHN2 (dehydrin 2), which play roles in oxidative stress management and cellular protection. The PGPR isolates identified in this study represent promising bioinoculants for enhancing maize resilience under climate-induced stresses, offering a sustainable approach to improve maize productivity, conserve water, and reduce irrigation needs in drought-prone regions.

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When drought meets heat - a plant omics perspective.

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When drought meets heat - a plant omics perspective.

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