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Ubiquitous Occurrence of Nano Selenium in Food Plants.

ABSTRACT: Selenium is an essential trace element in human nutrition. Recent findings suggest that the biosynthesis of selenium nano particles (SeNPs) in plants might be a ubiquitous phenomenon. We investigated the potential of SeNP biosynthesis in food plants and our core objective was to explore the commonness and possible ubiquitousness of nano selenium in food plants and consequently in the human diet. By growing a variety of plants in controlled conditions and the presence of selenite we found strong evidence that SeNPs are widely present in vegetables. The shoots and roots of seven different plants, and additionally Brazil nuts, were analyzed with single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a focus on edible plants including herbs and salads. SeNPs were found in every plant of our study, hence we conclude, that SeNPs are common ingredients in plant-based food and are therefore eaten daily by most humans. Considering the concerning worldwide prevalence of selenium deficiency and the great physiological properties of SeNPs, we see a high potential in utilizing this discovery.

SUBMITTER: Verstegen J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10487048 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ubiquitous Occurrence of Nano Selenium in Food Plants.

Verstegen Jonas J Günther Klaus K

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 20230825 17

Selenium is an essential trace element in human nutrition. Recent findings suggest that the biosynthesis of selenium nano particles (SeNPs) in plants might be a ubiquitous phenomenon. We investigated the potential of SeNP biosynthesis in food plants and our core objective was to explore the commonness and possible ubiquitousness of nano selenium in food plants and consequently in the human diet. By growing a variety of plants in controlled conditions and the presence of selenite we found strong ...[more]

PMID: 37685136

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Project description:Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals. Development and application of new forms of Se sources with lower toxicity and higher bioavailability has been attracting more attention. However, the bioavailabilities of Se from several new Se sources for broilers remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relative bioavailabilities of Se from Se yeast (SY), selenomethionine (SM), hydroxyl-selenomethionine (SO) and nano-Se (NS) relative to sodium selenite (SS) for broilers fed a conventional corn-soybean meal diet. A total of 576 one-day-old Arbor Acres commercial male broilers were randomly assigned to 16 treatments with 6 replicate cages per treatment in a completely randomized design involving a 5 (Se sources: SY, SM, SO, NS and SS) × 3 (added Se levels: 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mg Se/kg) factorial design of treatments plus 1 (a Se-unsupplemented control) for 21 d. The relative bioavailabilities of Se sources were estimated based on plasma or tissue Se concentrations as well as selenoprotein mRNA expressions and activities in broilers. The results showed that the Se concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities in plasma, liver, breast muscle, pancreas and kidney as well as Se concentration in erythrocytes of broilers, and Gpx1 and Selenop mRNA expressions in pancreas increased linearly (p < 0.03) as added Se level increased. Furthermore, the differences (p < 0.05) among different Se sources were detected for the Se concentrations in liver, breast muscle, pancreas and erythrocytes, GPX activities in pancreas and kidney. Based on slope ratios from the multiple linear regressions of the above indices, the Se bioavailabilities of SY, SM, SO, NS relative to SS (100%) were 78 to 367%, 67.8 to 471%, 57 to 372%, and 45 to 92%, respectively. The results from this study indicated that the Se from SM, SY and SO are more available to broilers than the Se from SS in enhancing the Se concentrations in liver, breast muscle, pancreas and erythrocytes and GPX activity in pancreas, and the Se from SM had the highest while the Se from NS had the lowest relative bioavailability.

Project description:Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human health, but selenium deficiency is widespread worldwide. In this study, we investigated the effects of selenium uptake, grain morphology, and antioxidant enzyme activities in three wheat varieties, including Huamai 1168 (high gluten), Huamai 2152 (medium gluten), and Wanximai 0638 (low gluten), by foliar spraying of bio-nano-selenium at the early flowering stage of wheat. The bio-nano-selenium nutrient solution was a patented product of microbial fermentation (Patent No. 201610338121.6) independently developed by our team, with a pure selenium concentration of 5000 mg/kg. The results showed that the total selenium content in all the varieties increased by 1843.52%, and the organic selenium content increased by 2009.87%, with Huamai 1168 showing the highest total selenium and organic selenium content. After selenium treatment, CAT activity decreased in all varieties; POD and SOD activities showed a tendency to increase and then decrease; MDA and proline content increased; and GSH content fluctuated during the filling period. Overall, foliar spraying of selenium enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and improved the plants' ability to cope with environmental stresses. In terms of agronomic traits, bio-nano-selenium positively affected plant height (12.63% increase on average), effective spike number (17.24% increase on average), and spikelet number (17.81% increase on average), but had a limited effect on grain morphology. In addition, bio-nano-selenium not only increased soil nutrient content but also promoted the uptake of hydrolyzed nitrogen, effective phosphorus, fast-acting potassium, and sulfate in wheat. In summary, bio-nano-selenium is expected to be an effective tool for selenium biofortification of wheat, which not only significantly increases the selenium content of grains but also improves yields, stress tolerance, and fertilizer utilization, providing a potential solution to selenium deficiency through dietary solutions, while contributing to the sustainable development of agriculture.

Dataset Information

Ubiquitous Occurrence of Nano Selenium in Food Plants.

Publications

Ubiquitous Occurrence of Nano Selenium in Food Plants.

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