Genetic and Environmental Effects on the Early Motor Development as a Function of Parental Educational Attainment.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The contribution of genetic and environmental factors to individual differences in early motor development is still largely uncharted. This large-scale twin study establishes the genetic and environmental influences on the timing of motor milestones achievement, and it further tests whether the influences are moderated by parental education.

Methods

The twins came from families registered in the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) from 1986 to 2016. In 30,256 complete twin pairs, mother-reported ages at which each twin was able to first-time roll from back to belly, sit unassisted, hands-and-knees crawl, stand up unaided, and walk independently were used to extract an early motor development factor. Parental education was dichotomized ("both parents with low/average

SUBMITTER: Zi Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10487425 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature