Dataset Information

Characterization of the Virulence and Yield Impact of Fusarium Species on Canola (Brassica napus).

ABSTRACT: Multiple species of Fusarium can contribute to the development of root rot in canola (Brassica napus), making disease management difficult. We conducted field and greenhouse experiments to investigate the impacts of Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium proliferatum, and the interaction between Fusarium oxysporum and F. proliferatum on root rot severity and canola yields. Inoculation with any of the three Fusarium spp. resulted in significant disease severity and reduced seedling emergence compared with non-inoculated controls, leading to yield reductions of up to 35%. Notably, there was a strong correlation (r = 0.93) between root rot severity at the seedling stage and at maturity. Regression analysis indicated a linear decline in seedling emergence with increasing disease severity. Furthermore, disease severity at maturity adversely affected the pod number per plant and the seed weight per plant, with both parameters ultimately approaching zero at a severity of 4.0 on a 0-4 scale. Co-inoculation with F. oxysporum and F. proliferatum induced more severe root rot than inoculation with each species on its own, suggesting synergistic interactions between these fungi. Knowledge of these interactions and the relative virulence of Fusarium spp. will contribute to the improved management of root rot in canola.

SUBMITTER: Yu H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10490129 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Characterization of the Virulence and Yield Impact of Fusarium Species on Canola (Brassica napus).

Yu Haitian H Chang Kan-Fa KF Hwang Sheau-Fang SF Strelkov Stephen E SE

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20230822 17

Multiple species of Fusarium can contribute to the development of root rot in canola (Brassica napus), making disease management difficult. We conducted field and greenhouse experiments to investigate the impacts of Fusarium avenaceum and Fusarium proliferatum, and the interaction between Fusarium oxysporum and F. proliferatum on root rot severity and canola yields. Inoculation with any of the three Fusarium spp. resulted in significant disease se ...[more]

PMID: 37687267

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Project description:BackgroundCanola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil-producing crops in China and worldwide. The yield and quality of canola is frequently threatened by environmental stresses including drought, cold and high salinity. Calcium is a ubiquitous intracellular secondary messenger in plants. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are Ca2+ sensors and regulate a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases called CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). Although the CBL-CIPK network has been demonstrated to play crucial roles in plant development and responses to various environmental stresses in Arabidopsis, little is known about their function in canola.ResultsIn the present study, we identified seven CBL and 23 CIPK genes from canola by database mining and cloning of cDNA sequences of six CBLs and 17 CIPKs. Phylogenetic analysis of CBL and CIPK gene families across a variety of species suggested genome duplication and diversification. The subcellular localization of three BnaCBLs and two BnaCIPKs were determined using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as the reporter. We also demonstrated interactions between six BnaCBLs and 17 BnaCIPKs using yeast two-hybrid assay, and a subset of interactions were further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). Furthermore, the expression levels of six selected BnaCBL and 12 BnaCIPK genes in response to salt, drought, cold, heat, ABA, methyl viologen (MV) and low potassium were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and these CBL or CIPK genes were found to respond to multiple stimuli, suggesting that the canola CBL-CIPK network may be a point of convergence for several different signaling pathways. We also performed a comparison of interaction patterns and expression profiles of CBL and CIPK in Arabidospsis, canola and rice, to examine the differences between orthologs, highlighting the importance of studying CBL-CIPK in canola as a prerequisite for improvement of this crop.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that CBL and CIPK family members may form a dynamic complex to respond to different abiotic or hormone signaling. Our comparative analyses of the CBL-CIPK network between canola, Arabidopsis and rice highlight functional differences and the necessity to study CBL-CIPK gene functions in canola. Our data constitute a valuable resource for CBL and CPK genomics.

Project description:Genomic selection (GS) is a modern breeding approach where genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker profiles are simultaneously used to estimate performance of untested genotypes. In this study, the potential of genomic selection methods to predict testcross performance for hybrid canola breeding was applied for various agronomic traits based on genome-wide marker profiles. A total of 475 genetically diverse spring-type canola pollinator lines were genotyped at 24,403 single-copy, genome-wide SNP loci. In parallel, the 950 F1 testcross combinations between the pollinators and two representative testers were evaluated for a number of important agronomic traits including seedling emergence, days to flowering, lodging, oil yield and seed yield along with essential seed quality characters including seed oil content and seed glucosinolate content. A ridge-regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP) model was applied in combination with 500 cross-validations for each trait to predict testcross performance, both across the whole population as well as within individual subpopulations or clusters, based solely on SNP profiles. Subpopulations were determined using multidimensional scaling and K-means clustering. Genomic prediction accuracy across the whole population was highest for seed oil content (0.81) followed by oil yield (0.75) and lowest for seedling emergence (0.29). For seed yieId, seed glucosinolate, lodging resistance and days to onset of flowering (DTF), prediction accuracies were 0.45, 0.61, 0.39 and 0.56, respectively. Prediction accuracies could be increased for some traits by treating subpopulations separately; a strategy which only led to moderate improvements for some traits with low heritability, like seedling emergence. No useful or consistent increase in accuracy was obtained by inclusion of a population substructure covariate in the model. Testcross performance prediction using genome-wide SNP markers shows considerable potential for pre-selection of promising hybrid combinations prior to resource-intensive field testing over multiple locations and years.

Project description:Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a soilborne disease of crucifers associated with the formation of large root galls. This root enlargement suggests modulation of plant hormonal networks by the pathogen, stimulating cell division and elongation and influencing host defense. We studied physiological changes in two Brassica napus cultivars, including plant hormone profiles—salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)—along with their selected derivatives following inoculation with virulent and avirulent P. brassicae pathotypes. In susceptible plants, water uptake declined from the initial appearance of root galls by 21 days after inoculation, but did not have a significant effect on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, or leaf chlorophyll levels. Nonetheless, a strong increase in ABA levels indicated that hormonal mechanisms were triggered to cope with water stress due to the declining water uptake. The free SA level in the roots increased strongly in resistant interactions, compared with a relatively minor increase during susceptible interactions. The ratio of conjugated SA to free SA was higher in susceptible interactions, indicating that resistant interactions are linked to the plant’s ability to maintain higher levels of bioactive free SA. In contrast, JA and its biologically active form JA-Ile declined up to 7-fold in susceptible interactions, while they were maintained during resistant interactions. The ACC level increased in the roots of inoculated plants by 21 days, irrespective of clubroot susceptibility, indicating a role of ethylene in response to pathogen interactions that is independent of disease severity. IAA levels at early and later infection stages were lower only in susceptible plants, suggesting a modulation of auxin homeostasis by the pathogen relative to the host defense system.

Dataset Information

Characterization of the Virulence and Yield Impact of Fusarium Species on Canola (Brassica napus).

Publications

Characterization of the Virulence and Yield Impact of <i>Fusarium</i> Species on Canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>).

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