First identification of an evolving Middle Stone Age ochre culture at Porc-Epic Cave, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: The use of mineral pigments, in particular iron-rich rocks, holds significant importance in understanding the emergence and evolution of human cultures. However, sites that have yielded a number of pieces large enough to precisely identify how the use of this material changed through time are rare. In this study, we examine one of the largest known Middle Stone Age (MSA) ochre collections, from Porc-Epic Cave, Ethiopia, consisting of more than 40 kg of ochre (n = 4213 pieces), 21 ochre processing tools and two ochre-stained artefacts. By combining the analysis of the elemental and mineralogical composition of the archaeological material with that of natural ochre collected in the surroundings of the site, and correlating this information with shifts in ochre modification techniques over ti

SUBMITTER: Rosso DE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10491814 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature