Nutrient footprint versus EPA + DHA security in land-locked regions-more of local pond farmed, imported marine fish or fish oil capsules?

ABSTRACT: EPA + DHA intake in land-locked central Europe (CE) is barely fulfilled. Imported marine fish/farmed salmonids are likely the backbone of an ailing EPA + DHA security. Supplementing with captured marine fish oil capsules (~0.5 g up to 1.6 g CO₂-eq. mg EPA + DHA^-1) could be comparable in GHG emissions with fish consumption itself (~1 g to as low as 0.6 g CO₂-eq. mg EPA + DHA^-1). But synergistic benefits of EPA + DHA intake by consuming fish protein need consideration too. Taking semi-intensive pond carp and intensively farmed salmon as models, we analyzed footprint, eco-services, and resource use efficiency perspectives of achieving EPA + DHA security in a CE region. Despite a lower production footprint, pond-farmed fish greatly lag in EPA + DHA s

SUBMITTER: Roy K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10492816 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature