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Association Between Cognitive Performance and Nutritional Status: Analysis From LASI-DAD.

ABSTRACT: Malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries causes cognitive decline and other health problems. Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI DAD) is an extensive study on late-life cognition and dementia. This study examines the link between nutrition and cognitive abilities in older adults using data from the LASI DAD. We conducted descriptive statistics on nutritional parameters (body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, and Mini-Nutritional Assessment), cognitive functions, and socio-demographic variables in 2,892 adults aged ≥60 years. Cognitive domains assessed included delayed recall, orientation, language, executive function, abstract reasoning, and attention. Cognitive impairment was defined as impaired performance in two or more domains. Mean age was 69.3 ± 7.1 years, 52.9% were female, and 57.5% were illiterate. Low body-mass index (adjusted OR: 1.88, p < .001), at risk of malnutrition (adjusted OR: 1.89, p < .001) and malnourished (adjusted OR: 2.86, p < .001) on Mini-Nutritional Assessment were associated with the presence of cognitive impairment. Better cognitive performance was associated with increased body mass index (adjusted OR: 0.74, p-.03), hemoglobin (adjusted OR: 0.91, p-.006), and serum albumin (adjusted OR: 0.38, p < .001). This study shows that nutritional status assessed by anthropometric measures and blood markers is strongly linked to cognitive performance in older adults.

SUBMITTER: Bhagwasia M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10515514 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association Between Cognitive Performance and Nutritional Status: Analysis From LASI-DAD.

Bhagwasia Manjusha M Rao Abhijith R AR Banerjee Joyita J Bajpai Swati S Raman Aruna V AV Talukdar Arunanshu A Jain Arvind A Rajguru Chhaya C Sankhe Lalit L Goswami Debabrata D Shanthi Ganapathy Sankaralingam GS Kumar Govind G Varghese Mathew M Dhar Minakshi M Gupta Monica M A-Koul Parvaiz P Mohanty Rashmi Ranjan RR Chakrabarti Sankha Shubhra SS Yadati Sathyanarayana Raju SR Dey Sharmistha S Dey Aparajit Ballav AB

Gerontology & geriatric medicine 20230101

Malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries causes cognitive decline and other health problems. Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI DAD) is an extensive study on late-life cognition and dementia. This study examines the link between nutrition and cognitive abilities in older adults using data from the LASI DAD. We conducted descriptive statistics on nutritional parameters (body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, and Mini-Nutritional Assessment) ...[more]

PMID: 37743872

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Project description:BackgroundModifiable lifestyle factors such as diet are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Greater understanding of the nutritional intake of older adults who are at increased risk for cognitive decline may allow for the development of more effective dietary interventions to prevent or delay the onset of dementia.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to characterize the nutritional status, diet quality and individual nutritional components of older adults with motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR). MCR is a pre-dementia syndrome classified by slow gait speed and subjective memory impairments.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingA community-based senior center located in an urban setting.ParticipantsTwenty-five community-dwelling older adults with MCR aged 60-89 yrs.MeasurementsNutritional risk status was determined using the Nestle Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). A food frequency questionnaire was used to quantify: overall dietary quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI); adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) dietary pattern; and intake of individual nutritional components shown to be protective or harmful for cognitive function in older adults. Participants completed a computerized cognitive testing battery to assess cognitive abilities.ResultsMore than one third (36%) of participants were at increased risk for malnutrition. Participants at lower risk for malnutrition had better working memory (r = 0.40, p = 0.04), executive functioning (r = 0.44, p = 0.03), and overall cognition (r = 0.44, p = 0.03). While participants generally consumed a reasonable quality diet (HEI = 65.15), 48% of participants had poor adherence to a neuroprotective MIND dietary pattern. Higher intake of B-complex vitamins was associated with better task switching (r = 0.40, p ≤ 0.05) and faster processing speeds (r = 0.39, p ≤ 0.05). Higher vitamin C intake was associated with better executive functioning (r = 0.40, p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a significant proportion of older adults with MCR may be at increased risk for malnutrition. While the diet quality of older adults with MCR appeared to need improvement, future studies should investigate the effects of more specific nutritional interventions, including the MIND diet, on cognition in at-risk older adults.

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Association Between Cognitive Performance and Nutritional Status: Analysis From LASI-DAD.

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Association Between Cognitive Performance and Nutritional Status: Analysis From LASI-DAD.

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