Refined semi-lethal aerosol H5N1 influenza model in cynomolgus macaques for evaluation of medical countermeasures.

ABSTRACT: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 viruses cause high mortality in humans and have pandemic potential. Effective vaccines and treatments against this threat are urgently needed. Here, we have refined our previously established model of lethal H5N1 infection in cynomolgus macaques. An inhaled aerosol virus dose of 5.1 log₁₀ plaque-forming unit (pfu) induced a strong febrile response and acute respiratory disease, with four out of six macaques succumbing after challenge. Vaccination with three doses of adjuvanted seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine elicited low but detectable neutralizing antibody to H5N1. All six vaccinated macaques survived four times the 50% lethal dose of aerosolized H5N1, while four of six unvaccinated controls succumbed to disease. Although vaccina

SUBMITTER: Kanekiyo M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10520834 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature