To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin?

ABSTRACT: The pigments responsible for eggshell color and patterning in birds are protoporphyrin IX (PP) and biliverdin (BV). Both are involved in the catalytic degradation of the hemo group. Bilirubin (BR), another pigment, is produced when BV is broken down. PP, BV, and BR are free radical scavengers. In this study, we theoretically investigated the antioxidant capacities of these three biological meaningful molecules using Density Functional Theory calculations. First, two antioxidant mechanisms were analyzed for PP, BV, and BR: electron transfer and Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Second, since PP and BV interact with the calcium carbonate matrix of the eggshell, we analyzed the interaction of these pigments with Ca²⁺ and investigated their chelate compounds. Third, we explored the pro-oxidan

SUBMITTER: Martinez A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10525153 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature