Dataset Information

Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia.

ABSTRACT: Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164-131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable isotope values from the Cobra Cave assemblage, we demonstrate that, despite the presence of nearby canopy forests, the Denisovan individual from Cobra Cave primarily consumed plants and/or animals from open forests and savannah. Using faunal evidence and proxy indicators of climates, results herein highlight a local expansion of rainforest at ~ 130 ka, raising questions about how Denisovans responded to this local climate change. Comparing the diet and habitat of the archaic hominin from Cobra Cave with those of early Homo sapiens from Tam Pà Ling Cave (46-43 ka), Laos, it appears that only our species was able to exploit rainforest resources.

SUBMITTER: Bacon AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10533506 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia.

Bacon Anne-Marie AM Bourgon Nicolas N Dufour Elise E Demeter Fabrice F Zanolli Clément C Westaway Kira E KE Joannes-Boyau Renaud R Duringer Philippe P Ponche Jean-Luc JL Morley Mike W MW Suzzoni Eric E Frangeul Sébastien S Boesch Quentin Q Antoine Pierre-Olivier PO Boualaphane Souliphane S Sichanthongtip Phonephanh P Sihanam Daovee D Huong Nguyen Thi Mai NTM Tuan Nguyen Anh NA Fiorillo Denis D Tombret Olivier O Patole-Edoumba Elise E Zachwieja Alexandra A Luangkhoth Thonglith T Souksavatdy Viengkeo V Dunn Tyler E TE Shackelford Laura L Hublin Jean-Jacques JJ

Scientific reports 20230927 1

Secure environmental contexts are crucial for hominin interpretation and comparison. The discovery of a Denisovan individual and associated fauna at Tam Ngu Hao 2 (Cobra) Cave, Laos, dating back to 164-131 ka, allows for environmental comparisons between this (sub)tropical site and the Palearctic Denisovan sites of Denisova Cave (Russia) and Baishiya Karst Cave (China). Denisovans from northern latitudes foraged in a mix of forested and open landscapes, including tundra and steppe. Using stable ...[more]

PMID: 37758744

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Project description:BackgroundWe analyzed a combined segment (2032-bp) of the sex-determining region and the testis-specific protein of the Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) gene to clarify the gene flow and phylogenetic relationships of the long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed using the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and the median-joining network from a total of 164 adult male M. fascicularis from 62 localities in Malaysia, including sequences from the other regions from previous studies.ResultsBased on Y-DNA, we confirm the presence of two lineages of M. fascicularis: the Indochinese and Sundaic lineages. The Indochinese lineage is represented by M. fascicularis located northwards of the Surat Thani-Krabi depression region and is introgressed by the Macaca mulatta Y-DNA. The Sundaic lineage is free from such hybridization event, thus defined as the original carrier of the M. fascicularis Y-DNA. We further revealed that the Sundaic lineage differentiated into two forms: the insular and the continental forms. The insular form, which represents the ancestral form of M. fascicularis, consists of two haplotypes: a single homogenous haplotype occupying the island of Borneo, Philippines, and southern Sumatra; and the Javan haplotype. The more diverse continental form consists of 17 haplotypes in which a dominant haplotype was shared by individuals from southern Thai Peninsular (south of Surat Thani-Krabi depression), Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. Uniquely, Sumatra contains both the continental and insular Y-DNA which can be explained by a secondary contact hypothesis.ConclusionsOverall, the findings in this study are important: (1) to help authority particularly in Malaysia on the population management activities including translocation and culling of conflict M. fascicularis, (2) to identify the unknown origin of captive M. fascicularis used in biomedical research, and; (3) the separation between the continental and insular forms warrants for the treatment as separate management units.

Dataset Information

Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia.

Publications

Palaeoenvironments and hominin evolutionary dynamics in southeast Asia.

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