Dataset Information

15-month post-COVID syndrome in outpatients: Attributes, risk factors, outcomes, and vaccination status - longitudinal, observational, case-control study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

While the short-term symptoms of post-COVID syndromes (PCS) are well-known, the long-term clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of PCS remain unclear. Moreover, there is ongoing discussion about the effectiveness of post-infection vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to aid in PCS recovery.

Methods

In this longitudinal and observational case-control study we aimed at identifying long-term PCS courses and evaluating the effects of post-infection vaccinations on PCS recovery. Individuals with initial mild COVID-19 were followed for a period of 15 months after primary infection. We assessed PCS outcomes, distinct symptom clusters (SC), and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in patients who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, as well as those who did not. To identify potential associating factors with PCS, we used binomial regression models and reported the results as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results

Out of 958 patients, follow-up data at 15 month after infection was obtained for 222 (23.2%) outpatients. Of those individuals, 36.5% (81/222) and 31.1% (69/222) were identified to have PCS at month 10 and 15, respectively. Fatigue and dyspnea (SC2) rather than anosmia and ageusia (SC1) constituted PCS at month 15. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were equally distributed over time among age groups, sex, and absence/presence of PCS. Of the 222 patients, 77.0% (171/222) were vaccinated between 10- and 15-months post-infection, but vaccination did not affect PCS recovery at month 15. 26.3% of unvaccinated and 25.8% of vaccinated outpatients improved from PCS (p= .9646). Baseline headache (SC4) and diarrhoea (SC5) were risk factors for PCS at months 10 and 15 (SC4: OR 1.85 (95%CI 1.04-3.26), p=.0390; SC5: OR 3.27(95%CI 1.54-6.64), p=.0009).

Conclusion

Based on the specific symptoms of PCS our findings show a shift in the pattern of recovery. We found no effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on PCS recovery and recommend further studies to identify predicting biomarkers and targeted PCS therapeutics.

SUBMITTER: Augustin M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10540070 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

15-month post-COVID syndrome in outpatients: Attributes, risk factors, outcomes, and vaccination status - longitudinal, observational, case-control study.

Augustin Max M Stecher Melanie M Wüstenberg Hauke H Di Cristanziano Veronica V Sandaradura de Silva Ute U Picard Lea Katharina LK Pracht Elisabeth E Rauschning Dominic D Gruell Henning H Klein Florian F Wenisch Christoph C Hallek Michael M Schommers Philipp P Lehmann Clara C

Frontiers in immunology 20230912

<h4>Background</h4>While the short-term symptoms of post-COVID syndromes (PCS) are well-known, the long-term clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of PCS remain unclear. Moreover, there is ongoing discussion about the effectiveness of post-infection vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to aid in PCS recovery.<h4>Methods</h4>In this longitudinal and observational case-control study we aimed at identifying long-term PCS courses and eva ...[more]

PMID: 37781408

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Project description:IntroductionPost-COVID symptoms are the new concern in the COVID-19 pandemic, where recovered patients experience residual symptoms affecting their quality of life. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the role of complete vaccination, prescribed medication, and micronutrients during COVID episodes in the occurrence of post-COVID symptoms.MethodA longitudinal evaluation of Indonesia's recovered COVID-19 patients was performed using the data collected from July 2021 and extracted in mid-February 2022. All participants were confirmed with a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction test (PCR) and/or antigen test. This study collected demography and comorbidities information, symptoms and treatment of COVID-19, and collection of self-reported post-COVID symptoms every 30 days within 90 days after diagnosis/onset. Exposures of interest include vaccination status, Favipiravir administration, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc. A Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) was used to evaluate the longitudinal effect of exposures, presented with adjusted odds ratios and its 95% confidence interval.ResultsA total of 923 participants (18.2% fully-vaccinated) were involved in the study, with 79.7% being non-hospitalized. Only 25.7% did not develop any residual symptoms within 90 days. Fatigue was the most reported post-COVID symptom in each measurement time (39.5%, 16.3%, and 7.3%). Full-vaccination was effective against chronic cough (aOR 0.527, 95% CI 0.286-0.971), chronic headache (aOR 0.317, 95% CI 0.163-0.616), and chronic arthritis (aOR 0.285, 95% CI 0.116-0.703). The combination of micronutrient supplementations and Favipiravir gave no significant effect on all post-COVID symptoms. However, early initiation of Favipiravir and delaying vitamin D administration were associated with arthritis.ConclusionFull vaccination of COVID-19 prevents the disease and the development of residual symptoms when infected with SARS-COV-2. Hence, it is crucial to reconsider the prescription of micronutrient supplementation or adjust the dose of Favipiravir in the current guideline.

Project description:BackgroundAfter mild COVID-19, some outpatients experience persistent symptoms. However, data are scarce and prospective studies are urgently needed.ObjectivesTo characterize the post-COVID-19 syndrome after mild COVID-19 and identify predictors.ParticipantsOutpatients with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 with (1) PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (COVID-positive) or (2) SARS-CoV-2 negative PCR (COVID-negative).DesignMonocentric cohort study with prospective phone interview between more than 3 months to 10 months after initial visit to the emergency department and outpatient clinics.Main measuresData of the initial visits were extracted from the electronic medical file. Predefined persistent symptoms were assessed through a structured phone interview. Associations between long-term symptoms and PCR results, as well as predictors of persistent symptoms among COVID-positive, were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, smoking, comorbidities, and timing of the survey.Key resultsThe study population consisted of 418 COVID-positive and 89 COVID-negative patients, mostly young adults (median age of 41 versus 36 years in COVID-positive and COVID-negative, respectively; p = 0.020) and healthcare workers (67% versus 82%; p = 0.006). Median time between the initial visit and the phone survey was 150 days in COVID-positive and 242 days in COVID-negative patients. Persistent symptoms were reported by 223 (53%) COVID-positive and 33 (37%) COVID-negative patients (p = 0.006) and proportions were stable among the periods of the phone interviews. Overall, 21% COVID-positive and 15% COVID-negative patients (p = 0.182) attended care for this purpose. Four surveyed symptoms were independently associated with COVID-19: fatigue (adjusted odds ratio 2.14, 95% CI 1.04-4.41), smell/taste disorder (26.5, 3.46-202), dyspnea (2.81, 1.10-7.16), and memory impairment (5.71, 1.53-21.3). Among COVID-positive, female gender (1.67, 1.09-2.56) and overweight/obesity (1.67, 1.10-2.56) were predictors of persistent symptoms.ConclusionsMore than half of COVID-positive outpatients report persistent symptoms up to 10 months after a mild disease. Only 4 of 14 symptoms were associated with COVID-19 status. The symptoms and predictors of the post-COVID-19 syndrome need further characterization as this condition places a significant burden on society.

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Dataset Information

15-month post-COVID syndrome in outpatients: Attributes, risk factors, outcomes, and vaccination status - longitudinal, observational, case-control study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

15-month post-COVID syndrome in outpatients: Attributes, risk factors, outcomes, and vaccination status - longitudinal, observational, case-control study.

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