In vitro-in vivo assessments of apocynin-hybrid nanoparticle-based gel as an effective nanophytomedicine for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

ABSTRACT: Apocynin (APO), a well-known bioactive plant-based phenolic phytochemical with renowned anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological activities, has recently emerged as a specific nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH) oxidase inhibitor. As far as we know, no information has been issued yet regarding its topical application as a nanostructured-based delivery system. Herein, APO-loaded Compritol^® 888 ATO (lipid)/chitosan (polymer) hybrid nanoparticles (APO-loaded CPT/CS hybrid NPs) were successfully developed, characterized, and optimized, adopting a fully randomized design (3²) with two independent active parameters (IAPs), namely, CPT amount (X_A) and Pluronic^® F-68 (PF-68) concentration (X_B), at three levels.

SUBMITTER: Aman RM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10545657 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature