Dataset Information

Differential Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Humoral Response in Inactivated Virus-Vaccinated, Convalescent, and Breakthrough-Infected Subjects.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We sought to identify potential antigens for discerning between humoral responses elicited after vaccination with CoronaVac (a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] inactivated vaccine), natural infection, or breakthrough infection.

Methods

Serum samples obtained from volunteers immunized with CoronaVac (2 and 3 doses), breakthrough case patients, and from convalescent individuals were analyzed to determine the immunoglobulin (Ig) G responses against 3 structural and 8 nonstructural SARS-CoV-2 antigens.

Results

Immunization with CoronaVac induced higher levels of antibodies against the viral membrane (M) protein compared with convalescent subjects both after primary vaccination and after a booster dose. Individuals receiving a booster dose displayed equivalent levels of IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N) protein, similar to convalescent subjects. Breakthrough case patients produced the highest antibody levels against the N and M proteins. Antibodies against nonstructural viral proteins were present in >50% of the convalescent subjects.

Conclusions

Vaccinated individuals elicited a different humoral response compared to convalescent subjects. The analysis of particular SARS-CoV-2 antigens could be used as biomarkers for determining infection in subjects previously vaccinated with CoronaVac.

SUBMITTER: Duarte LF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10547456 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Differential Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Humoral Response in Inactivated Virus-Vaccinated, Convalescent, and Breakthrough-Infected Subjects.

Duarte Luisa F LF Vázquez Yaneisi Y Diethelm-Varela Benjamín B Pavez Valentina V Berríos-Rojas Roslye R Méndez Constanza C Riedel Claudia A CA White Jessica A JA Kalergis Alexis M AM Bueno Susan M SM González Pablo A PA

The Journal of infectious diseases 20231001 7

<h4>Background</h4>We sought to identify potential antigens for discerning between humoral responses elicited after vaccination with CoronaVac (a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] inactivated vaccine), natural infection, or breakthrough infection.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum samples obtained from volunteers immunized with CoronaVac (2 and 3 doses), breakthrough case patients, and from convalescent individuals were analyzed to determine the immunoglobulin (Ig) G responses agai ...[more]

PMID: 37572355

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic poses an urgent need for the development of effective therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsWe first tested SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell (CοV-2-ST) immunity and expansion in unexposed donors, COVID-19-infected individuals (convalescent), asymptomatic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive subjects, vaccinated individuals, non-intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalized patients, and ICU patients who either recovered and were discharged (ICU recovered) or had a prolonged stay and/or died (ICU critical). CoV-2-STs were generated from all types of donors and underwent phenotypic and functional assessment.ResultsWe demonstrate causal relationship between the expansion of endogenous CoV-2-STs and the disease outcome; insufficient expansion of circulating CoV-2-STs identified hospitalized patients at high risk for an adverse outcome. CoV-2-STs with a similarly functional and non-alloreactive, albeit highly cytotoxic, profile against SARS-CoV-2 could be expanded from both convalescent and vaccinated donors generating clinical-scale, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell products with functional activity against both the unmutated virus and its B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants. In contrast, critical COVID-19 patient-originating CoV-2-STs failed to expand, recapitulating the in vivo failure of CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity to control the infection. CoV-2-STs generated from asymptomatic PCR-positive individuals presented only weak responses, whereas their counterparts originating from exposed to other seasonal coronaviruses subjects failed to kill the virus, thus disempowering the hypothesis of protective cross-immunity.ConclusionsOverall, we provide evidence on risk stratification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and the feasibility of generating powerful CoV-2-ST products from both convalescent and vaccinated donors as an "off-the shelf" T-cell immunotherapy for high-risk patients.

Dataset Information

Differential Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Humoral Response in Inactivated Virus-Vaccinated, Convalescent, and Breakthrough-Infected Subjects.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Differential Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Humoral Response in Inactivated Virus-Vaccinated, Convalescent, and Breakthrough-Infected Subjects.

Similar Datasets

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