Choline metabolism underpins macrophage IL-4 polarization and RELMα up-regulation in helminth infection.

ABSTRACT: Type 2 cytokines like IL-4 are hallmarks of helminth infection and activate macrophages to limit immunopathology and mediate helminth clearance. In addition to cytokines, nutrients and metabolites critically influence macrophage polarization. Choline is an essential nutrient known to support normal macrophage responses to lipopolysaccharide; however, its function in macrophages polarized by type 2 cytokines is unknown. Using murine IL-4-polarized macrophages, targeted lipidomics revealed significantly elevated levels of phosphatidylcholine, with select changes to other choline-containing lipid species. These changes were supported by the coordinated up-regulation of choline transport compared to naïve macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition of choline metabolism significantly suppressed se

SUBMITTER: Ghorbani P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10553840 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature