Dataset Information

Exploring regression dilution bias using repeat measurements of 2858 variables in ≤49 000 UK Biobank participants.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Measurement error in exposures and confounders can bias exposure-outcome associations but is rarely considered. We aimed to assess random measurement error of all continuous variables in UK Biobank and explore approaches to mitigate its impact on exposure-outcome associations.

Methods

Random measurement error was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for all continuous variables with repeat measures. Regression calibration was used to correct for random error in exposures and confounders, using the associations of red blood cell distribution width (RDW), C-reactive protein (CRP) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with mortality as illustrative examples.

Results

The 2858 continuous variables with repeat measures varied in sample size from 109 to 49 121. They fell into three groups: (i) baseline visit [529 variables; median (interquartile range) ICC = 0.64 (0.57, 0.83)]; (ii) online diet by 24-h recall [22 variables; 0.35 (0.30, 0.40)] and (iii) imaging measures [2307 variables; 0.85 (0.73, 0.94)]. Highest ICCs were for anthropometric and medical history measures, and lowest for dietary and heart magnetic resonance imaging.The ICCs (95% confidence interval) for RDW, CRP and 25(OH)D were 0.52 (0.51, 0.53), 0.29 (0.27, 0.30) and 0.55 (0.54, 0.56), respectively. Higher RDW and levels of CRP were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, and higher concentration of 25(OH)D with lower risk. After correction for random measurement error in the main exposure, the associations all strengthened. Confounder correction did not influence estimates.

Conclusions

Random measurement error varies widely and is often non-negligible. For UK Biobank we provide relevant statistics and adaptable code to help other researchers explore and correct for this.

SUBMITTER: Rutter CE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10555784 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Exploring regression dilution bias using repeat measurements of 2858 variables in ≤49 000 UK Biobank participants.

Rutter Charlotte E CE Millard Louise A C LAC Borges Maria Carolina MC Lawlor Deborah A DA

International journal of epidemiology 20231001 5

<h4>Background</h4>Measurement error in exposures and confounders can bias exposure-outcome associations but is rarely considered. We aimed to assess random measurement error of all continuous variables in UK Biobank and explore approaches to mitigate its impact on exposure-outcome associations.<h4>Methods</h4>Random measurement error was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for all continuous variables with repeat measures. Regression calibration was used to correct for ran ...[more]

PMID: 37336529

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Project description:BackgroundKidney volume is used as a predictive and therapeutic marker for several clinical conditions. However, there is a lack of large-scale studies examining the relationship between kidney volume and various clinicodemographic factors, including kidney function, body composition and physical performance.MethodsIn this observational study, MRI-derived kidney volume measurements from 38 526 UK Biobank participants were analysed. Major kidney volume-related measures included body surface area (BSA)-adjusted total kidney volume (TKV) and the difference in bilateral kidneys. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression and cubic spline analyses were used to explore the association between kidney volume-related measures and clinicodemographic factors. Cox or logistic regression was used to identify the risks of death, non-kidney cancer, myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and chronic kidney disease (CKD).ResultsThe median of BSA-adjusted TKV and the difference in kidney volume were 141.9 ml/m2 [interquartile range (IQR) 128.1-156.9] and 1.08-fold (IQR 1.04-1.15), respectively. Higher BSA-adjusted TKV was significantly associated with higher estimated glomerular filtration rate {eGFR; β = 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-0.44]; P < .001}, greater muscle volume [β = 0.50 (95% CI 0.48-0.51); P < .001] and greater mean handgrip strength [β = 0.15 (95% CI 0.13-0.16); P < .001] but lower visceral adipose tissue volume [VAT; β = -0.09 (95% CI -0.11 to -0.07); P < .001] in adjusted models. A greater difference in bilateral kidney volumes was associated with lower eGFR, muscle volume and physical performance but with higher proteinuria and VAT. Higher BSA-adjusted TKV was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CKD [odds ratio (OR) 0.7 (95% CI 0.63-0.77); P < .001], while a greater difference in kidney volume was significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD [OR 1.13 (95% CI 1.07-1.20); P < .001].ConclusionHigher BSA-adjusted TKV and lower differences in bilateral kidney volumes are associated with higher kidney function, muscle volume and physical performance and a reduced risk of CKD.

Dataset Information

Exploring regression dilution bias using repeat measurements of 2858 variables in ≤49 000 UK Biobank participants.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Exploring regression dilution bias using repeat measurements of 2858 variables in ≤49 000 UK Biobank participants.

Similar Datasets

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