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Distinct smell and taste disorder phenotype of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae.


ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Olfactory dysfunction (OD) commonly accompanies coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the kinetics of OD resolution following SARS-CoV-2 infection (wild-type and alpha variant) and its impact on quality of life, physical and mental health.

Methods

OD prevalence was assessed in an ambulatory COVID-19 survey (n = 906, ≥ 90 days follow-up) and an observational cohort of ambulatory and hospitalized individuals (n = 108, 360 days follow-up). Co-occurrence of OD with other symptoms and effects on quality of life, physical and mental health were analyzed by multi-dimensional scaling, association rule mining and semi-supervised clustering.

Results

Both in the ambulatory COVID-19 survey study (72%) and the observational ambulatory and hospitalized cohort (41%) self-reported OD was frequent during acute COVID-19. Recovery from self-reported OD was slow (survey: median 28 days, observational cohort: 90 days). By clustering of the survey data, we identified a predominantly young, female, comorbidity-free group of convalescents with persistent OD and taste disorders (median recovery: 90 days) but low frequency of post-acute fatigue, respiratory or neurocognitive symptoms. This smell and taste disorder cluster was characterized by a high rating of physical performance, mental health, and quality of life as compared with convalescents affected by prolonged fatigue or neurocognitive complaints.

Conclusion

Our results underline the heterogeneity of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae calling for tailored management strategies. The persistent smell and taste disorder phenotype is characterized by good clinical, physical, and mental recovery and may pose a minor challenge for public health.

Study registration

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04661462 (survey study), NCT04416100 (observational cohort).

SUBMITTER: Rass V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10562286 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Distinct smell and taste disorder phenotype of post-acute COVID-19 sequelae.

Rass Verena V   Tymoszuk Piotr P   Sahanic Sabina S   Heim Beatrice B   Ausserhofer Dietmar D   Lindner Anna A   Kofler Mario M   Mahlknecht Philipp P   Boehm Anna A   Hüfner Katharina K   Pizzini Alex A   Sonnweber Thomas T   Kurz Katharina K   Pfeifer Bernhard B   Kiechl Stefan S   Peball Marina M   Kindl Philipp P   Putnina Lauma L   Fava Elena E   Djamshidian Atbin A   Huber Andreas A   Wiedermann Christian J CJ   Sperner-Unterweger Barbara B   Wöll Ewald E   Beer Ronny R   Schiefecker Alois Josef AJ   Bellmann-Weiler Rosa R   Bachler Herbert H   Tancevski Ivan I   Pfausler Bettina B   Piccoliori Giuliano G   Seppi Klaus K   Weiss Günter G   Löffler-Ragg Judith J   Helbok Raimund R  

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 20230905 11


<h4>Purpose</h4>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) commonly accompanies coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the kinetics of OD resolution following SARS-CoV-2 infection (wild-type and alpha variant) and its impact on quality of life, physical and mental health.<h4>Methods</h4>OD prevalence was assessed in an ambulatory COVID-19 survey (n = 906, ≥ 90 days follow-up) and an observational cohort of ambulatory and hospitalized individuals (n = 108, 360 days follow-up). Co-occurrence of OD w  ...[more]

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