The Immune Regulatory Role of Adenosine in the Tumor Microenvironment.

ABSTRACT: Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors. It mediates pro-tumor activities by inducing tumor cell proliferation, migration or invasion, tumor tissue angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. In addition, adenosine plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and facilitating tumor immune escape. Adenosine receptors are broadly expressed by tumor-infiltrated immune cells, including suppressive tumor-associated macrophages and CD4⁺ regulatory T cells, as well as effector CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Therefore, adenosine is indispensable in down-regulating anti-tumor

SUBMITTER: Xing J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10573203 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature