Placebo and nocebo effects and mechanisms associated with pharmacological interventions: an umbrella review.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

This review aimed to summarise the existing knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects associated with pharmacological interventions and their mechanisms.

Design

Umbrella review, adopting the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool for critical appraisal.

Data sources

MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial were searched in September 2022, without any time restriction, for systematic reviews, narrative reviews, original articles. Results were summarised through narrative synthesis, tables, 95% CI.

Outcome measures

Mechanisms underlying placebo/nocebo effects and/or their effect sizes.

Results

The databases search identified 372 studies, for a total of 158 312 participants, compri

SUBMITTER: Frisaldi E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10582987 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature