A metagenomics pipeline reveals insertion sequence-driven evolution of the microbiota.

ABSTRACT: Insertion sequence (IS) elements are mobile genetic elements in bacterial genomes that support adaptation. We developed a database of IS elements coupled to a computational pipeline that identifies IS element insertions in the microbiota. We discovered that diverse IS elements insert into the genomes of intestinal bacteria regardless of human host lifestyle. These insertions target bacterial accessory genes that aid in their adaptation to unique environmental conditions. Using IS expansion in Bacteroides, we show that IS activity leads to insertion "hot spots" in accessory genes. We show that IS insertions are stable and can be transferred between humans. Extreme environmental perturbations force IS elements to fall out of the microbiota and many fail to rebound following homeostasi

SUBMITTER: Kirsch JM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10592638 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature