Corrigendum: Effects of in ovo inoculation of multi-strain lactobacilli on cytokine gene expression and antibody-mediated immune responses in chickens.
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SUBMITTER: Alizadeh M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10593438 | biostudies-literature | 2023
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Corrigendum: Effects of <i>in ovo</i> inoculation of multi-strain lactobacilli on cytokine gene expression and antibody-mediated immune responses in chickens.
Alizadeh Mohammadali M Shojadoost Bahram B Astill Jake J Taha-Abdelaziz Khaled K Karimi Seyed Hossein SH Bavananthasivam Jegarubee J Kulkarni Raveendra R RR Sharif Shayan S
Frontiers in veterinary science 20231009
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00105.]. ...[more]
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Project description:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various doses of a multi-strain lactobacilli mixture (Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus crispatus, and Lactobacillus johnsonii) on the innate and adaptive immune responses in broiler chickens. At embryonic day eighteen, 200 eggs were injected with PBS, or three different doses of a multi-strain lactobacilli mixture (1 × 105, 1 × 106, and 1 × 107 CFU/egg, P1, P2, and P3 respectively) along with a group of negative control. On days 5 and 10 post-hatch, cecal tonsil, bursa of fabricius, and spleen were collected for gene expression and cellular analysis. On days 14 and 21 post-hatch, birds were immunized intramuscularly with both sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Serum samples were collected on days 0, 7, 14, and 21 after primary immunization. The results demonstrated that lactobacilli inoculation increased the splenic expression of cytokines, including interferon (IFN) - α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-8, and IL-12 on day 5 post-hatch compared to the control group (PBS). However, in cecal tonsils, lactobacilli treatment downregulated the expression of IL-6 on day 5 post-hatch and IL-2 and IL-8 on day 10 post-hatch. No significant differences were observed in the expression of cytokine genes in the bursa except for IL-13 which was upregulated in lactobacilli-treated groups P2 and P3 on days 5 and 10 post-hatch. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the percentage of KUL01, CD4+ and CD8+ splenocytes was not affected by treatments. In addition, no significant differences were observed for antibody titers against SRBC. However, lactobacilli treatment (P1, P2, and P3) was found to increase IgM titers on day 21 post-primary immunization compared to controls. Furthermore, in ovo injection of the highest dose of probiotics (1 × 107, P3) increased serum IgG titers against KLH on day 7 post-primary immunization. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that that in ovo administration of lactobacilli can improve antibody-mediated immune responses and differentially modulate cytokine expression in mucosal and systemic lymphoid tissues of chickens.
| S-EPMC7058628 | biostudies-literature
Project description:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664387.].
| S-EPMC10443640 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC10466915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is evidence that probiotic lactobacilli, in addition to essential vitamins, such as vitamin A and D, have immunomodulatory properties that enhance immune response of neonatal chickens against infections. The present study evaluated the effects of in ovo administration of retinoic acid (RA), 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD), and a lactobacilli cocktail on cytokine gene expression, antibody responses and spleen cell subsets in chickens. RA (90 µmol/egg) and VitD (0.6 μg/egg) were administered in ovo, either alone or in combination with lactobacilli (107 CFU/egg), at embryonic d 18. On d 5 and 10 posthatch, gene expression and cellular composition were analyzed in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Birds were immunized on d 14 and 21 posthatch with 2 T-dependent antigens, sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), to assess their antibody responses. Sera were collected from the immunized chickens on d 14, 21, 28, and 35 posthatch. The results demonstrated that lactobacilli treatment increased the number of monocyte/macrophages (KUL01+) and CD3+CD4+ T cells in the spleen, and enhanced serum anti-KLH IgM and IgY on d 14 postprimary immunization (P < 0.05). RA significantly increased serum IgY and IgM titers to KLH and enhanced the expression of interferon (IFN)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the bursa of Fabricius (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD3+CD8+ T cells, and monocyte/macrophages (KUL01+) was elevated in the spleen as well (P < 0.05). These findings reveal that prehatch administration of RA improves immunocompetency of neonatal chickens by increasing the production of cytokines that regulate innate immunity and through enhancing antibody-mediated response against T-dependent antigens.
| S-EPMC8851267 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There is some evidence that lactobacilli can strengthen the immune system of chickens. This study evaluated the effects of in ovo and oral administration of a lactobacilli cocktail on cytokine gene expression, antibody-mediated immune responses, and spleen cellularity in chickens. Lactobacilli were administered either in ovo at embryonic day 18, orally at days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-hatches, or a combination of both in ovo and post-hatch inoculation. On day 5 and 10 post-hatch, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were collected for gene expression and cell composition analysis. On days 14 and 21 post-hatch, birds were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), and sera were collected on days 7, 14, and 21 post-primary immunization. Birds that received lactobacilli (107 CFU) via in ovo followed by weekly oral administration showed a greater immune response by enhancing antibody responses, increasing the percentage of CD4+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells in the spleen and upregulating the expression of interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-13, and IL-18 in the spleen and expression of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-18 in the bursa. These findings suggest that pre-and post-hatch administration of lactobacilli can modulate the immune response in newly hatched chickens.
| S-EPMC8072127 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A previously described heterophil degranulation assay was adapted for use with ileal mucosal tissue via quantification of β-D-glucuronidase and assay end product 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU). Three initial experiments evaluated the effect of in ovo inoculations of Citrobacter freundii (CF) or mixed lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on ileal granulocyte degranulation. Inoculations were administered on embryonic d18, body weights (BW) were recorded on day of hatch (DOH) and d10 to calculate body weight gain (BWG), and ileal mucosal scrapings were collected on DOH or d10 for the 4-MU assay. In all experiments, treatments were statistically analyzed relative to control groups. Treatments minimally affected BWG in all in ovo experiments (p > 0.05) relative to respective control groups. Similarly, ileal degranulation in in ovo treatments did not statistically differ (p > 0.05). Based on BWG, in ovo treatments may have induced low-level inflammation unable to elicit detectable changes via the 4-MU assay. Four subsequent experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of Eimeria maxima (EM) on ileal degranulation. Treatments included non-inoculated controls and low, medium, or high EM infection. Across all four experiments, final BW or BWG over the inoculation period were suppressed (p < 0.05) in EM groups relative to respective controls with the exception of EM-low (p = 0.094) and EM-medium (p = 0.096) in one trial. Ileal mucosal scrapings for the 4-MU assay were collected on day of peak lesions. Resulting values were reduced (p < 0.05) for EM treated birds in three experiments with the exception of EM-medium (p = 0.247). No differences were observed in one experiment (p = 0.351), which may have been attributed to a variation in strain of infecting Eimeria. Although refinement for low level inflammation is warranted, results indicate successful adaptation of the 4-MU assay for use with intestinal tissue during significant gastrointestinal inflammation.
| S-EPMC10374004 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCellulitis caused by Escherichia coli is a common cause of condemnation of broiler chickens at slaughter worldwide and is associated with economic losses and a possible negative impact on animal welfare. The study objective was to monitor clinical signs and immune responses after subcutaneous E. coli inoculation (1.1-1.8 × 107 CFU), aiming to induce cellulitis. Three groups of broiler chickens (n = 15/group) were inoculated with well-characterized E. coli strains (group A: ECA18 O24:H4/ST117 and group B: ECB11 O153:H9/ST38) or with saline (control) at 22 days-of-age. Clinical signs of disease, body weight and immune parameters were monitored until euthanasia 12-14 days after inoculation followed by post-mortem examination.ResultsThe daily weight gain of the inoculated chickens was significantly lower one day after inoculation compared to the controls. Seven (23%) of the inoculated chickens displayed clinical signs: ruffled feathers, mild weakness, open-beak breathing and/or reluctance to stand, of which two birds were euthanized and one bird died. Five chickens in group B were observed with bacteraemia, which lasted up to three days after inoculation for two chickens. A transient increase in chicken mannose receptor MRC1L-B expression on circulating monocytes was observed one day after inoculation in both E. coli inoculated groups, with a more pronounced increase in group B. On day 7 after inoculation, the in vitro adherence of heterophils, monocytes and thrombocytes to the inoculated strain was increased in group B. Antibody titers to the inoculation strains were increased in some chickens in both groups on days 7 and 14 after inoculation, with the highest titers in group B. Seven (47%) and 13 (87%) of the chickens in group A and B, respectively, were diagnosed with cellulitis at post-mortem examination. In most birds, lesions consisted of plaque-like material embedded in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal wall.ConclusionsInoculation of E. coli caused cellulitis and prompted a rapid activation/redistribution of circulating monocytes followed by antibody production. The responses were most pronounced in chickens inoculated with E. coli strain ECB11, presumably because of a higher virulence.
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Project description:Toll-like receptors (TLR) play an important role in the recognition of microbes by host sentinel cells that leads to the subsequent innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we evaluated the patterns of TLR2-, TLR3- and TLR9-expressing antigen presenting cells (APCs) in spleen and blood of gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs after colonization with a mixture of two strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus reuteri or infection with the virulent human rotavirus (HRV) Wa strain. We also assessed the influence of LAB on TLR and serum innate cytokine responses induced by HRV. Distributions of subpopulations of APCs [CD14+/-SWC3+CD11R1- monocytes/macrophages and CD14+/-SWC3+CD11R1+ conventional dendritic cells (cDCs)] were described in our previous report (Zhang, W., Wen, K., Azevedo, M.S., Gonzalez, A.M., Saif, L.J., Li, G., Yousef, A.E., Yuan, L., 2008. Lactic acid bacterial colonization and human rotavirus infection influence distribution and frequencies of monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells in neonatal gnotobiotic pigs. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 121, pp. 222-231). We demonstrated that LAB induced strong TLR2-expressing APC responses in blood and spleen, HRV induced a TLR3 response in spleen, and TLR9 responses were induced by either HRV (in spleen) or LAB (in blood). LAB and HRV have an additive effect on TLR2- and TLR9-expressing APC responses, consistent with the adjuvant effect of LAB. Overall, the frequencies of TLR-expressing CD14+ APCs were higher than CD14- APCs. LAB enhanced the IFN-gamma and IL-4 responses in serum, but it had a suppressive effect on the TLR3- and TLR9-expressing CD14- APC responses in spleen and the serum IFN-alpha response induced by HRV. These results elucidated the systemic TLR2-, TLR3-, and TLR9-expressing monocyte/macrophage and cDC responses after HRV infection, LAB colonization, and the two combined. Our findings facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of LAB's adjuvant effect on rotavirus vaccines and the diverse innate and adaptive immune responses induced by commensal LAB colonization versus rotavirus infection and the interactions between them.
| S-EPMC2653198 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Maternally derived antibodies (MDA) substantially interfere with active immunity in post-hatch vaccination, although they provide early protection against disease through passive immunity in young chickens. Previously, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain TS09-C was demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic as in-ovo vaccine in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Here, we evaluated the safety, protective efficacy, and duration of clinical protection of the TS09-C virus as an in-ovo vaccine for commercial chickens in the presence of Maternally derived antibodies against NDV. This vaccine was safe in commercial chickens and provided at least 80% protection against a virulent NDV challenge for 3 mo, despite inducing a low hemagglutinin-inhibition titer. For commercial chickens, the protective efficacy of the in-ovo vaccination was markedly higher than that of posthatch vaccination, and the cellular immune response might play an important role in the higher protective efficacy of the in-ovo vaccine. The overall results indicate that the maternally derived antibodies against NDV do not significantly interfere with the ability of the in-ovo vaccine strain TS09-C to induce protective cellular immunity.
| S-EPMC7597455 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The production of cytokine mRNAs, in addition to viral DNA, was quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) (cytokines) or PCR (virus) in splenocytes during the course of Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection in four inbred chicken lines: two resistant (lines 6(1) and N) and two susceptible (lines 7(2) and P). Virus loads were only different after 10 days postinfection (dpi), increasing in susceptible lines and decreasing in resistant lines. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) mRNA was expressed by splenocytes from all infected birds between 3 and 10 dpi, associated with increasing MDV loads. For other cytokines, differences between lines were only seen for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-18, with splenocytes from susceptible birds expressing high levels of both transcripts during the cytolytic phase of infection, whereas splenocytes from resistant birds expressed neither transcript. These results indicate that these two cytokines could play a crucial role in driving immune responses, which in resistant lines maintain MDV latency but in susceptible lines result in lymphomas.
| S-EPMC140586 | biostudies-literature