An interferon-integrated mucosal vaccine provides pan-sarbecovirus protection in small animal models.

ABSTRACT: A pan-sarbecovirus or pan-betacoronavirus vaccine that can prevent current and potential future beta-coronavirus infections is important for fighting possible future pandemics. Here, we report a mucosal vaccine that cross-protects small animal models from sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The vaccine comprises a live-but-defective SARS-CoV-2 virus that is envelope deficient and has the orf8 segment replaced by interferon-beta, hence named Interferon Beta Integrated SARS-CoV-2 (IBIS) vaccine. Nasal vaccination with IBIS protected mice from lethal homotypic SARS-CoV-2 infection and hamsters from co-housing-mediated transmission of homotypic virus. Moreover, IBIS provided complete protection against heterotypic sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omi

SUBMITTER: Yuen CK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10598001 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature