Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia after CD4+ T-cell recovery subsequent to CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: A case report and brief review of literature.

ABSTRACT:

Background

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy involves administration of patient-derived T cells that target B cells, resulting in B-cell depletion and aplasia. In immunity against Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj), CD4+ T cells and, more recently, B cells, are generally considered important. Antigen presentation by B cells to CD4+ T cells is particularly important. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for Pj pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis is generally discontinued when the CD4+ T-cell count is >200/μL. Here we report the first case, to our knowledge, of PJP in a patient with a CD4+ T cell count of >200/μL after CAR-T cell therapy.

Case

A 14-year-old girl developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) after cord blood transplantation (CBT) for relapse

SUBMITTER: Kawata K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10598253 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature