Dataset Information

Bioprospecting of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria) for β-Defensin-like α-Amylase Inhibitors.

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious diseases of our century. The drugs used are limited or have serious side effects. The search for new sources of compounds for effective treatment is relevant. Magnificamide, a peptide inhibitor of mammalian α-amylases, isolated from the venom of sea anemone Heteractis magnifica, can be used for the control of postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Using the RACE approach, seven isoforms of magnificamide were detected in H. magnifica tentacles. The exon-intron structure of magnificamide genes was first established, and intron retention in the mature peptide-encoding region was revealed. Additionally, an α-amylase inhibitory domain was discovered in the mucins of some sea anemones. According to phylogenetics, sea anemones diverge into two groups depending on the presence of β-defensin-like α-amylase inhibitors and/or mucin-inhibitory domains. It is assumed that the intron retention phenomenon leads to additional diversity in the isoforms of inhibitors and allows for its neofunctionalization in sea anemone tentacles. Bioprospecting of sea anemones of the order Actiniaria for β-defensin-like α-amylase inhibitors revealed a diversity of inhibitory sequences that represents a starting point for the design of effective glucose-lowering drugs.

SUBMITTER: Popkova D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10604346 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bioprospecting of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria) for β-Defensin-like α-Amylase Inhibitors.

Popkova Daria D Otstavnykh Nadezhda N Sintsova Oksana O Baldaev Sergey S Kalina Rimma R Gladkikh Irina I Isaeva Marina M Leychenko Elena E

Biomedicines 20230930 10

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious diseases of our century. The drugs used are limited or have serious side effects. The search for new sources of compounds for effective treatment is relevant. Magnificamide, a peptide inhibitor of mammalian α-amylases, isolated from the venom of sea anemone <i>Heteractis magnifica,</i> can be used for the control of postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Using the RACE approach, seven isoforms of magnificamide were detected in <i>H. magnific ...[more]

PMID: 37893056

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Project description:Sea anemones (order Actiniaria) are among the most diverse and successful members of the anthozoan subclass Hexacorallia, occupying benthic marine habitats across all depths and latitudes. Actiniaria comprises approximately 1,200 species of solitary and skeleton-less polyps and lacks any anatomical synapomorphy. Although monophyly is anticipated based on higher-level molecular phylogenies of Cnidaria, to date, monophyly has not been explicitly tested and at least some hypotheses on the diversification of Hexacorallia have suggested that actiniarians are para- or poly-phyletic. Published phylogenies have demonstrated the inadequacy of existing morphological-based classifications within Actiniaria. Superfamilial groups and most families and genera that have been rigorously studied are not monophyletic, indicating conflict with the current hierarchical classification. We test the monophyly of Actiniaria using two nuclear and three mitochondrial genes with multiple analytical methods. These analyses are the first to include representatives of all three currently-recognized suborders within Actiniaria. We do not recover Actiniaria as a monophyletic clade: the deep-sea anemone Boloceroides daphneae, previously included within the infraorder Boloceroidaria, is resolved outside of Actiniaria in several of the analyses. We erect a new genus and family for B. daphneae, and rank this taxon incerti ordinis. Based on our comprehensive phylogeny, we propose a new formal higher-level classification for Actiniaria composed of only two suborders, Anenthemonae and Enthemonae. Suborder Anenthemonae includes actiniarians with a unique arrangement of mesenteries (members of Edwardsiidae and former suborder Endocoelantheae). Suborder Enthemonae includes actiniarians with the typical arrangement of mesenteries for actiniarians (members of former suborders Protantheae, Ptychodacteae, and Nynantheae and subgroups therein). We also erect subgroups within these two newly-erected suborders. Although some relationships among these newly-defined groups are still ambiguous, morphological and molecular results are consistent enough to proceed with a new higher-level classification and to discuss the putative functional and evolutionary significance of several morphological attributes within Actiniaria.

Dataset Information

Bioprospecting of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria) for β-Defensin-like α-Amylase Inhibitors.

Publications

Bioprospecting of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria) for β-Defensin-like α-Amylase Inhibitors.

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