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Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study-The GESTAFIT Project.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate whether the effects of an exercise program during pregnancy on postpartum body composition are moderated by following a healthy dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD)). Eighty-three pregnant women (control n = 40, exercise n = 43) were included in the present quasi-experimental study. The exercise intervention consisted of a 60 min, 3 day/week throughout pregnancy from gestational week 17, supervised concurrent (aerobic + resistance) exercise program. A food frequency questionnaire and the MD Score (min-max: 0-50) were employed to assess dietary habits and the MD adherence during pregnancy, respectively. Postpartum body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 6 weeks postpartum. The body mass index and the gynecoid fat mass at postpartum were lower in the exercise compared to the control group (p = 0.018 and p = 0.047, respectively). There was an interaction showing that the MD adherence during pregnancy positively moderated the effects of the exercise intervention on postpartum lean mass (p = 0.024), fat mass percentage (p = 0.092), android fat mass (p = 0.076), and android-to-gynecoid fat mass (p = 0.019). The Johnson-Neyman technique revealed that the effects of exercise were enhanced at a MD score of ~31 for lean mass, ~25 for fat mass, ~23 for android fat mass and ~29 for android-to-gynecoid fat mass. Our results suggest that a concurrent-exercise training plus an optimal MD adherence during pregnancy might be a useful strategy to promote a healthier body composition at the postpartum period.

SUBMITTER: Flor-Alemany M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10609918 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study-The GESTAFIT Project.

Flor-Alemany Marta M Acosta-Manzano Pedro P Migueles Jairo H JH Henriksson Pontus P Löf Marie M Aparicio Virginia A VA

Nutrients 20231018 20

This study aimed to investigate whether the effects of an exercise program during pregnancy on postpartum body composition are moderated by following a healthy dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD)). Eighty-three pregnant women (control n = 40, exercise n = 43) were included in the present quasi-experimental study. The exercise intervention consisted of a 60 min, 3 day/week throughout pregnancy from gestational week 17, supervised concurrent (aerobic + resistance) exercise program. A fo ...[more]

PMID: 37892487

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Project description:BackgroundThe health benefits of a Mediterranean-style diet (MSD) are well observed, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Metabolomic profiling offers a systematic approach for identifying which metabolic biomarkers and pathways might be affected by an MSD.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify postpartum plasma metabolites that are associated with MSD adherence during pregnancy and to further test whether these identified metabolites may vary by maternal characteristics.MethodsWe analyzed data from 1410 mothers enrolled in the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC). A maternal food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered and epidemiologic information was obtained via an in-person standard questionnaire interview within 24-72 h postpartum. Maternal clinical information was extracted from electronic medical records. A Mediterranean-style diet score (MSDS) was calculated using responses to the FFQ. Metabolomic profiling in postpartum plasma was conducted by liquid chromatography-MS. Linear regression models were used to assess the associations of each metabolite with an MSDS, adjusting for covariates.ResultsAmong the 380 postpartum plasma metabolites analyzed, 24 were associated with MSDS during pregnancy (false discovery rate < 0.05). Of 24 MSDS-associated metabolites, 19 were lipids [for example, triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines (PCs), PC plasmalogen, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine]; others were amino acids (methionine sulfoxide and threonine), tropane (nor-psi-tropine), vitamin (vitamin A), and nucleotide (adenosine). The association of adenosine and methionine sulfoxide with MSDS differed by race (P-interaction = 0.033) and maternal overweight or obesity status (P-interaction = 0.021), respectively.ConclusionsIn the BBC, we identified 24 postpartum plasma metabolites associated with MSDS during pregnancy. The associations of the 2 metabolites varied by maternal race and BMI. This study provides a new insight into dietary effects on health under the skin. More studies are needed to better understand the metabolic pathways underlying the short- and long-term health benefits of an MSD during pregnancy.

Dataset Information

Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study-The GESTAFIT Project.

Publications

Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study-The GESTAFIT Project.

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