Omicron subvariants illustrate reduced respiratory tissue penetration, cell damage and inflammatory responses in human airway epithelia.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

To explore whether the reported lower pathogenicity in infected individuals of variant of concern (VoC) Omicron and its current subvariants compared to VoC Delta may be related to fundamental differences in the initial virus-tissue interaction, we assessed their ability to penetrate, replicate and cause damage in a human 3D respiratory model.

Methods

For this, we used TEER measurements, real-time PCR, LDH, cytokine and complex confocal imaging analyses.

Results and discussion

We observed that Delta readily penetrated deep into the respiratory epithelium and this was associated with major tissue destruction, high LDH activity, high viral loads and pronounced innate immune activation as observed by intrinsic C3 activation and IL-6 release at infection sites

SUBMITTER: Zaderer V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10616953 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature