A tryptophan metabolite made by a gut microbiome eukaryote induces pro-inflammatory T cells.

ABSTRACT: The large intestine harbors microorganisms playing unique roles in host physiology. The beneficial or detrimental outcome of host-microbiome coexistence depends largely on the balance between regulators and responder intestinal CD4⁺ T cells. We found that ulcerative colitis-like changes in the large intestine after infection with the protist Blastocystis ST7 in a mouse model are associated with reduction of anti-inflammatory Treg cells and simultaneous expansion of pro-inflammatory Th17 responders. These alterations in CD4⁺ T cells depended on the tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetaldehyde (I3AA) produced by this single-cell eukaryote. I3AA reduced the Treg subset in vivo and iTreg development in vitro by modifying their sensing of TGFβ, concomitantly affecting recog

SUBMITTER: Wojciech L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10620759 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature