Dataset Information

Charge decay in the spatial afterglow of plasmas and its impact on diffusion regimes.

ABSTRACT: The spatial afterglow is a region at the boundary of a non-equilibrium plasma where charged species relax into ambient equilibrium. In many applications, the spatial afterglow is the part of the plasma that interacts with surfaces, such as suspended particles or a material substrate. However, compared to the bulk plasma, there has been little effort devoted to studying the properties of the spatial afterglow, and a fundamental analysis has not yet been developed. Here, we apply double Langmuir probe measurements and develop an advection-diffusion-recombination model to provide a detailed description of charged species in the spatial afterglow over a wide range of pressures, temperatures, plasma dimensions, and flow rates. We find that the density of charged species in the spatial afterglow decays by orders of magnitude, which leads to a transition from ambipolar to free diffusion. These insights can be used to explain or predict experimental observations of phenomena, such as the charging of dust grains and the dose of charged species to a biomaterial.

SUBMITTER: Abuyazid NH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10622414 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Charge decay in the spatial afterglow of plasmas and its impact on diffusion regimes.

Abuyazid Nabiel H NH Üner Necip B NB Peyres Sean M SM Mohan Sankaran R R

Nature communications 20231102 1

The spatial afterglow is a region at the boundary of a non-equilibrium plasma where charged species relax into ambient equilibrium. In many applications, the spatial afterglow is the part of the plasma that interacts with surfaces, such as suspended particles or a material substrate. However, compared to the bulk plasma, there has been little effort devoted to studying the properties of the spatial afterglow, and a fundamental analysis has not yet been developed. Here, we apply double Langmuir p ...[more]

PMID: 37919301

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 is an emergent infectious disease that has spread geographically to become a global pandemic. While much research focuses on the epidemiological and virological aspects of COVID-19 transmission, there remains an important gap in knowledge regarding the drivers of geographical diffusion between places, in particular at the global scale. Here, we use quantile regression to model the roles of globalisation, human settlement and population characteristics as socio-spatial determinants of reported COVID-19 diffusion over a six-week period in March and April 2020. Our exploratory analysis is based on reported COVID-19 data published by Johns Hopkins University which, despite its limitations, serves as the best repository of reported COVID-19 cases across nations.ResultsThe quantile regression model suggests that globalisation, settlement, and population characteristics related to high human mobility and interaction predict reported disease diffusion. Human development level (HDI) and total population predict COVID-19 diffusion in countries with a high number of total reported cases (per million) whereas larger household size, older populations, and globalisation tied to human interaction predict COVID-19 diffusion in countries with a low number of total reported cases (per million). Population density, and population characteristics such as total population, older populations, and household size are strong predictors in early weeks but have a muted impact over time on reported COVID-19 diffusion. In contrast, the impacts of interpersonal and trade globalisation are enhanced over time, indicating that human mobility may best explain sustained disease diffusion.ConclusionsModel results confirm that globalisation, settlement and population characteristics, and variables tied to high human mobility lead to greater reported disease diffusion. These outcomes serve to inform suppression strategies, particularly as they are related to anticipated relocation diffusion from more- to less-developed countries and regions, and hierarchical diffusion from countries with higher population and density. It is likely that many of these processes are replicated at smaller geographical scales both within countries and within regions. Epidemiological strategies must therefore be tailored according to human mobility patterns, as well as countries' settlement and population characteristics. We suggest that limiting human mobility to the greatest extent practical will best restrain COVID-19 diffusion, which in the absence of widespread vaccination may be one of the best lines of epidemiological defense.

Dataset Information

Charge decay in the spatial afterglow of plasmas and its impact on diffusion regimes.

Publications

Charge decay in the spatial afterglow of plasmas and its impact on diffusion regimes.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets