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Fiber intake and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis examined the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following dietary fiber intake. Relevant articles were retrieved from a variety of databases, including Scopus, Embase, and Medline, until March 2023. Spirometry was the most frequently used method for determining the presence of COPD. Based on the search, there were a total of 213,912 participants across five separate studies. Random effects model was used to combine the data and a dose-response analysis was further conducted. Five distinct cohort studies were identified. Based on highest versus lowest analysis, there was an inverse correlation between the intake of total fiber (RR, 0.72; 95%, CI: 0.64-0.80), cereal fiber (RR: 0.76, 95% CI 0.68, 0.86), and fruit fiber (RR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.83). Although this result was not significant for vegetable fiber (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.84-1.07). Dose-response analysis revealed that daily increase of 10 g of total dietary fiber, cereal fiber, or fruit fiber reduced the risk of COPD by 26%, 21%, and 37%, respectively. The ROBINS-E tool classified all cohort studies as having a moderate risk of bias. Total fiber, cereal fiber, and fruit fiber intake were found to have low credibility using the NutriGrade tool. Additionally, there is a lack of scientific evidence supporting the use of vegetable fiber. Larger, more comprehensive studies are required to confirm these findings.

SUBMITTER: Valisoltani N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10630824 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fiber intake and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.

Valisoltani Neda N Ghoreishy Seyed Mojtaba SM Imani Hossein H Rajabi Harsini Asma A Jowshan Mohammadreza M Travica Nikolaj N Mohammadi Hamed H

Food science & nutrition 20230823 11

This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis examined the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following dietary fiber intake. Relevant articles were retrieved from a variety of databases, including Scopus, Embase, and Medline, until March 2023. Spirometry was the most frequently used method for determining the presence of COPD. Based on the search, there were a total of 213,912 participants across five separate studies. Random effects model was used to combine the data ...[more]

PMID: 37970426

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Project description:BackgroundPrior pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can cause permanent changes in lung anatomy and is associated with lung function loss. However, it remains unclear whether pulmonary function impairment owing to TB is associated with airflow obstruction, the hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association and quantify the magnitudes of association between pulmonary TB and COPD, and to evaluate the prevalence of COPD in patients with prior pulmonary TB.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies published from inception to January 1, 2020. Pooled effect sizes were calculated according to a random effects model or fixed effect model depending on heterogeneity. Specific subgroups (different diagnostic criteria, smoking status, income level) were examined.ResultsA total of 23 articles were included in this study. Compared with controls, patients with pulmonary TB had an odds ratios (ORs) of 2.59 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.12-3.15; P<0.001] for developing COPD. In jackknife sensitivity analyses, the increased risk of prior pulmonary TB remained consistent for COPD; when the meta-analysis was repeated and one study was omitted each time, the ORs and corresponding 95% CIs were greater than 2. Funnel plots of ORs with Egger's linear regression (t=2.00, P=0.058) and Begg's rank correlation (Z=0.75, P=0.455) showing no significant publication bias. Subgroup analysis showed that the same conclusion was still present in never smokers (ORs 2.41; 95% CI: 1.74-3.32; P<0.001), patients with pulmonary TB diagnosed using chest X-ray (ORs 2.47; 95% CI: 1.23-4.97; P<0.001), and low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings (ORs 2.70; 95% CI: 2.08-3.51; P<0.001). The pooled prevalence of COPD in patients with prior pulmonary TB was 21% (95% CI: 16-25%; P<0.001).ConclusionsIndividuals with prior pulmonary TB have an increased risk and high prevalence of COPD. Future studies identifying the underlying mechanisms for TB-associated COPD and therapeutic strategies are required.

Dataset Information

Fiber intake and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.

Publications

Fiber intake and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.

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